Low-power digital design

Recently there has been a surge of interest in low-power devices and design techniques. While many papers have been published describing power-saving techniques for use in digital systems, trade-offs between the methods are rarely discussed. We address this issue by using an energy-delay metric to compare many of the proposed techniques. Using this metric also provides insight into some of the basic trade-offs in low-power design. The next section describes the energy-loss mechanisms that are present in CMOS circuits, which provides the parameters that must be changed to lower the power dissipation. With these factors in mind, the rest of the paper reviews the energy saving techniques that have been proposed. These proposals fall into one of three main strategies: trade speed for power, do not waste power, and find a lower power problem.