Publications

Multiple pulmonary coinfections are associated with severe outcomes in in-patients with HIV-1 infection. Effective management of both HIV-1 and pulmonary infections is crucial to reduce hospitalization rates and mortality risk.

Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is a layer wise production technique enabling the production of complex metallic parts. In the SLM process parts are built by selectively melting subsequent layers of powder by a laser beam. Nowadays during SLM fixed scan parameters are used (laser power, scan velocity and scan pattern) that should ensure the formation of a sufficiently large and stable melt pool fusing powder particles together. The stability of the melt pool formed during SLM should ensure adequate part accuracy, surface roughness and part density, and thus good mechanical properties. However, the local geometry of the part being build has a large influence on the thermal behavior in and around the melt pool and therefore on the quality of features, mainly when melting along thin walls, sharp corners or down facing layers (layers above powder) that largely influences the local thermal behavior. Detecting such features from the CAD model and using locally adapted scanning parameters for processing those features enables to optimize the quality and density of the part, independently of its local geometry. This paper studies strategies to build thin walls with correct dimensions using locally optimized scan parameters.

Computed tomography is already a well established technology in medical and material analysis. Also for dimensional metrology applications, CT is a promising technique for measuring internal and external geometries. Nowadays, most industrial CT scanners, use 120 to 225 kV sources. To scan thicker and more absorbing materials, more power is needed. The Nikon Metrology XT H450 has a range up to 450 kV. However the accuracy of these new, more powerful machines has to be investigated. This accuracy study uses a calibrated reference object and simulations, to get a better understanding of the existing errors. This reference object is developed and produced by fixing CMM probing styli on a socket. It has been produced in several materials and used together with simulations to analyze the accuracy of single and multi-material CT measurements. For single material, accuracies up to 10-15 µm are achieved. In the case of multi material this accuracy deteriorates to 70-80 µm. Besides some mechanical errors which cause these deviations, the main factor is the edge detection.

We have tested the effect of oncostatin M (OSM) on the Tat-mediated trans-activation in a HeLa cell line (HLtat) expressing Tat, using a transfection assay with the LacZ gene under the control of the HIV-1 LTR. Oncostatin M reduced the LacZ expression by 50% at a concentration of 9.5 ng/ml (IC50), which was far below the 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50 > 400 ng/ml). Although HLtat cells may represent an interesting model for the study of the signal transduction pathway of OSM, this cytokine did not inhibit the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-dependent activation of the HIV LTR in Molt pNAZ cells or the Tat-mediated trans-activation in HeLa, HeLa-CD4, Hep-II, COS-7, or Jurkat-tat cells. Likewise, OSM did not show any anti-HIV-1 activity in the MT4 cell/MTT assay. Our findings with OSM indicate that, for the screening of HIV Tat inhibitors, care must be taken in selecting a system that not only emulates HIV Tat trans-activation, but is also representative for in vivo-infected cells.

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

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\nWe thank the Spanish CICYT and the Biomedical Research Programme and the
\nBiomedical Research Programme of the European Commission for financial support.\t 
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Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.

Abstract The reactions of 5,6‐diaminopyrimidin‐4(3 H )‐one derivatives 1a‐h , with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate are discussed in this paper. 6‐Amino‐5‐( E )(1′,2′‐dicarbomethoxyvinyl)aminopyrimidines, 2 , and 6‐(methylenecarbomethoxy)pteridinones, 3 , have been obtained as main the products, which can be explained on the basis of a Michael addition on pyrimidine derivatives, and cyclization. Those compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antiviral activity.

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