Human papillomavirus (HPV) has become a leading cause of oropharyngeal cancers, alongside well-known risk factors such as tobacco and alcohol use. Currently, HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPV-OPSCC) has increased significantly in developed countries, with HPV-16 being the most common high-risk subtype. Clinically, HPV-OPSCC shows clear differences in prognosis compared to HPV-negative tumors, especially regarding survival rates and treatment responses. Patients with HPV-OPSCC tend to have notably better survival outcomes and a more favorable outlook. Strong evidence indicates that HPV-related oropharyngeal cancers form a distinct epidemiological, clinical, and molecular group, setting them apart from non-HPV-related cancers. As a result, treatment strategies for these subtypes should follow specific clinical protocols to achieve the best outcomes. Additionally, the viral oncoproteins E6 and E7, which systematically disrupt host tumor-suppressor networks, provide compelling reasons for targeted phytotherapeutic interventions. Therefore, there is growing interest in exploring plant bioactive compounds with promising anti-HPV and anticancer effects that target key oncogenic pathways. This review aims to compile the latest data on bioactive phytochemicals—such as polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, glucosinolate derivatives, terpenoids, and alkaloids—with mechanistic evidence in HPV-OPSCC and to highlight their molecular interactions across oncogenic signaling pathways, focusing on research published from 2015 to 2025.

The long-term durability of reinforced concrete infrastructure remains a critical challenge, as conventional Portland cement and carbon steel systems are inherently vulnerable to corrosion and environmental degradation.Roman concrete demonstrates exceptional longevity due to slow hydration kinetics, pozzolanic reactions, and self-healing mechanisms, but its integration into modern construction is limited by incompatibility with rapid construction workflows.At the same time, additive manufacturing has enabled advanced geometric control, while rarely addressing durability as a primary design objective.This study proposes a durability-driven construction system integrating Roman-type concrete, stainless steel reinforcement, and permanent additively manufactured thermoplastic formworks.Rather than acting as a temporary construction aid, the formwork is redefined as a permanent protective enclosure that sustains early-age loads, accommodates slow curing, and provides long-term environmental shielding.Stainless steel reinforcement is employed to mitigate corrosion, the dominant degradation mechanism.The system is evaluated using a multi-level methodology that combines material compatibility analysis, finite-element modelling of early-age conditions, and architectural-scale demonstration.The critical pre-and postcasting phases are analysed by modelling the fresh concrete as a fluid-like load acting on the permanent formwork, which represents the load-bearing component prior to setting.A segmented dome inspired by the Pantheon is used to demonstrate scalability and system integration.While direct validation over century-scale timeframes is impractical, the results show that the proposed system satisfies necessary conditions for extended service life, providing a scientifically grounded framework for durability-oriented construction using additive manufacturing.

Under thermo-mechanical stress via a bulge test (BT), composite circular diaphragms (CCD) exhibit temperature-dependent mechanical behavior, including changes in Young’s modulus, yield strength, and residual stress. The application of a differential pressure and temperature causes the membrane to deform, allowing researchers to characterize composite material properties, particularly for materials used in microelectromechanical sensors (MEMS) operating in harsh environments. This paper aims to explore how CCD made from basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) behaves under thermal and mechanical stress, particularly in various engineering and bioengineering sensor applications, using a technique known as the BT. To start, the diaphragm is pre-stressed and clamped between two plates. When applying differential pressure, it causes the diaphragm to deform. An analytical approach is developed for utilizing the BT to describe the thermo-mechanical properties of these diaphragms. This method is well-suited for examining how diaphragms behave mechanically in both elastic and plastic states. A finite element model (FEM) is extended to analyze the BT outcomes and look into how pre-stress influences the pressure testing, comparing results from the FEM with those derived from analytical calculations. The variations in thickness and material type are also taken into account to better understand how they affect the diaphragm’s mechanical behavior under stress. Additionally, this work considers how temperature impacts the material properties of the diaphragm, which is crucial for analyzing its thermo-mechanical response. The relative () for maximum deflection the analytical and numerical results is less than 0.3%. The simulations are done using ANSYS, MATLAB and its PDE toolbox to get the results.

The advantage to have an automatic pasta machine that cooks dry semolina pasta automatically seems to be several, ranging from energy consumption to freshness and taste. However these machines have proved to be highly problematic.
\nSeveral problems of pasta cooking machines are diffusively discussed. Also several automatic pasta machine patents are briefly described. The machine described herein is conceived for coffee shop where an hot water reservoir and an operator are available. This makes it possible to simplify the machine and improve the safety of use. Several technical solution are analyzed in this paper. Energy concepts and concerns are also discussed. Different technical solution to achieve the best compromise between cost, functionaly and safety are introduced. Several fashionable design are analysed and introduced in this paper. At the end a very simple "rocket" patented machine is described. This machine can cook the special patented "geared spaghetti" in less than a minute and every other type of spaghetti in half the time indicated in the box. This solution seems to be the best compromise for taste, safety and performance.

Hydrogen is an energy vector capable of storing and supplying large amounts of energy, maximizing the benefits of renewable and sustainable energy sources. Hydrogen is usually stored as compressed hydrogen gas or liquid hydrogen. However, the former requires high pressure and the latter cryogenic temperatures, being a huge limit to the widespread adoption of these storage methods. Thus, new materials for solid-state hydrogen storage shall be developed. Here, we show that an α-MoO₃ thin film, grown via atomic layer deposition, is a material with potential for reversibly storing hydrogen. We found that hydrogen plasma is a convenient way to hydrogenate - at room temperature and relatively low pressures (200 mTorr) - layered α-MoO₃ thin films. Density functional theory calculations of stepwise hydrogen insertion into α-MoO₃ reveal that hydrogen atoms preferentially form covalent bonds with monovalent oxygen atoms located within the van der Waals gaps separating the [010]-oriented layers. The hydrogen absorption process has been found to be totally reversible, with desorption of hydrogen effective at 350 °C/4 h under a nitrogen atmosphere, and recoverable after repeated cycles. Furthermore, a nominal 13 nm Al _<i>x</i> O _<i>y</i> capping layer, grown via atomic layer deposition, has been shown to be efficient in preventing hydrogen release. The volumetric hydrogen storage capacity of 28 kg·m^-3 achieved in our films is comparable to that of pressurized steel cylinders, highlighting their potential for practical applications. Our essay could be a starting point to a transition from conventional (gas and liquid) to more advantageous solid-state hydrogen storage materials.

Sustainable energy systems demand energy-dense, scalable, manufacturable, and readily integrable lithium-ion batteries, yet available literature provides fragmented comparisons of commercial cell formats. Here we report a unified, industrially grounded benchmarking framework for cylindrical, pouch, and prismatic cells using parameters selected for high-fidelity derivability across formats and direct relevance to manufacturing and system integration. At cell level, active/inactive volume allocation, gravimetric and volumetric energy densities, and assembly complexity are quantified. At pack level, we evaluate nominal voltage and capacity, pack energy, gravimetric cell-to-pack ratio, cooling, and structural integration descriptors. Chemistry-dependent single-cell and pack-scaled costs are estimated from prospective cost trajectories. Fast-charging capability, resistance growth and aging, and quantitative thermal performance are excluded due to noncomparable datasets; pack thermal implications are discussed qualitatively. The framework shows cylindrical lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide cells maximizes cell-level energy density but increases structural overhead, whereas lithium iron phosphate blade designs maximize cell-to-pack ratio, pack volumetric energy, and cost competitiveness.

It is shown that a CRDID (Common Rail Direct Injection Diesel) turbo compound design is a highly over constrained problem. Very few options are available to the designer, even from the metallurgical point of view. The process of the preliminary design is fully described and the preliminary performance evaluation is fully described. A comparison with the original turbo shaft installation of a Hercules C130J aircraft is performed and the results are analyzed. The CRDID turbo compound seems an extremely convenient option since it can halve the fuel consumption, with increased safety and reduced logistical problems. CRDID emissions, with SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) may easily reach the automotive Euro 6 standard. ©2006-2015 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN).

The Diffuse Galactic gamma-ray Emission (DGE), mainly produced via interactions between cosmic rays and the interstellar medium and/or radiation field, is a crucial probe of the distribution, propagation, and interaction of cosmic rays in the Milky Way. Using the source-deduction method and the latest data of WCDA and KM2A, we have preliminarily measured this emission and present the energy spectra of diffuse emission in the Inner Galaxy region ( 15°< l <125°, |b| < 5°) and the Outer Galaxy region (125°< l < 235°, |b| < 5°). Additionally, we found that the spatial distribution of the diffuse emission deviates from the Planck Dust map, suggesting distinct astrophysical origins. These findings offer valuable insights into the properties of diffuse gamma-ray emissions and highlight the need for refined methodologies to better understand the underlying astrophysical processes.