The discovery of carotid bodies as sensory receptors for detecting arterial blood oxygen levels, and the identification and elucidation of the roles of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) in oxygen homeostasis have propelled the field of oxygen biology. This review highlights the gas-messenger signaling mechanisms associated with oxygen sensing, as well as transcriptional and non-transcriptional mechanisms underlying the maintenance of oxygen homeostasis by HIFs and their relevance to physiology and pathology.
Guoxiang Yuan, Yingjie Peng, Vaddi Damodara Reddy, Vladislav Makarenko, Jayasri Nanduri, Shakil A. Khan, Joseph A. Garcia, Ganesh Kumar, Gregg L. Friedman, Nanduri R. Prabhakar
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