Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Particles and Beads: A Survey of Modern Synthetic Techniques

Molecular imprinting technology is based on incorporating template molecules in the polymer matrix, followed by their extraction to leave specific cavities similar in shape and size to the incorporated template molecules. The resultant molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) then show antibody-like and enzyme-like behavior. MIPs are used as selective adsorbents, stationary phases, sensors, drug delivery agents, ultrafiltration systems, catalysts, etc. To achieve a specific function, MIPs are synthesized in various forms like beads, particles, membranes, fibers and composites. MIP beads and particles have prime importance due to their use in multiple applications. In this article, we present a survey of various polymerization techniques used for the synthesis of MIP beads and particles, along with a special focus on the studies presenting their use in separation and purification.