Efficacy and Safety of the Absorb Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold in Females and Males

Objectives Because females are under-represented in coronary trials, this study sought to assess the relative safety and efficacy of Absorb bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) (Abbott Vascular, Santa Clara, California) and the Xience everolimus-eluting stent in females compared with males. Background The Absorb everolimus-eluting BVS provides drug delivery and mechanical support similar to a metallic drug-eluting stent, followed by resorption and restoration of more normal vascular structure with the potential to improve late clinical outcomes. Methods The ABSORB II, ABSORB III, ABSORB Japan, and ABSORB China trials were pooled. Baseline clinical, angiography, procedural variables, and 2-year outcomes were analyzed by sex and device. Results Among 3,384 randomized patients, 932 (27.5%) were female. Females were older, more often had diabetes and hypertension, but had less everolimus-eluting stent, 3-vessel disease, and smoking compared with males (all p≤0.001). The 2-year rates of target lesion failure with BVS versus everolimus-eluting stent in females were 8.9% versus 6.2% (study-level adjusted hazard ratio: 1.47; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88 to 2.46) and 8.9% versus 6.4% in males (HR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.92; pinteraction = 0.85). There were no significant interactions between sex and device type for any of the components of target lesion failure. Conclusions The relative treatment effects of BVS and everolimus-eluting stent for the 2-year rates of target lesion failure and other cardiovascular outcomes were consistent in females and males.