Abstract The available procedure for earthquake analysis of axisymmetric intake‐outlet towers is extended to towers of arbitrary geometry, but with two axes of plan symmetry, and to include the effects of tower‐foundation‐soil interaction. The total system is represented as four substructures: tower, surrounding water, contained water and the foundation supported on flexible soil. The substructure representation of the system permits use of the most effective idealization for each substructure. An example earthquake response analysis is presented to demonstrate the results obtained from the analysis procedure. Computation times for several cases are included to demonstrate the efficiency of the analysis procedure.
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