Publications

Happy-productive groups: How positive affect links to performance through social resources

The current study extends the Broaden & Build theory to the collective (i.e. groups) level of analysis, focusing on the mediating role of group social resources (i.e. cohesion, coordination, teamwork, supportive team climate) between group positive affect (i.e. enthusiasm, optimism, satisfaction, comfort) and group performance (i.e. in-and extra-role performance, creative performance). To test our hypotheses, we conducted two studies using independent samples. Study 1 is a laboratory study with 449 participants nested in 112 small groups who performed an organizational simulation creative task. Study 2 is a field study that aggregated scores of 2159 employees nested in 417 groups. In both the lab and field studies, structural equation modeling results revealed that group social resources fully mediate the relationship between group positive emotions and performance.

Informing Hospital Physician Well-Being Interventions in Europe and the US

Importance Physician burnout and retention problems are threatening workforce stability and patient care. Objective To compare physician well-being in multiple European countries and the US to inform physician well-being interventions and evaluate whether modifiable aspects of hospital care environments are associated with physician job outcomes. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study was conducted at 49 hospitals in 6 European countries (Belgium, England, Germany, Ireland, Sweden, and Norway) and 56 US hospitals. European data from physicians and nurses were collected in 2023; US data were collected in 2021. Data were analyzed from February through August 2025. Exposures Three explanatory variables were measured at the hospital level: nurse staffing adequacy, clinical care environment, and physician and nurse teamwork. Main Outcomes and Measures Primary outcomes include individual-level measures of physician well-being and job outcomes (eg, high burnout, job dissatisfaction, intention to leave employer, and willingness to recommend employer). Results Among a total of 21 396 physicians and nurses, 1149 European physicians (mean [SD] age, 41.3 [10.6] years; 536 female [46.5%] and 609 male [52.9%]) and 5334 US physicians (mean [SD] age, 44.5 [11.8] years; 1861 female [34.9%] and 2373 male [44.5%]) reported on their well-being and 3044 European nurses and 11 869 US nurses reported on hospital care environments. Poor well-being was common among hospital physicians in the US and Europe; for example, 324 of 1083 physicians in Europe with responses to the question (29.9%) and 1178 of 4959 physicians with responses to the question (23.8%) intended to leave their job within a year. Improvements in nurse staffing adequacy, clinical care environments, and clinician teamwork were associated with favorable physician job outcomes in the US and Europe. For example, among US hospitals, a 10% increase in favorable care environments was associated with lower odds of physicians intending to leave (odds ratio [OR], 0.78; 95% CI, 0.68-0.90), not recommending their hospital (OR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.61-0.92), experiencing high burnout (OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.83-0.98), and having job dissatisfaction (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.69-0.95). Among European hospitals, a 10% increase in hospital-level reports of nurse staffing adequacy was associated with lower odds of physicians intending to leave (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.71-0.91), not recommending their hospital (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.61-0.88), reporting high burnout (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.78-0.99), and reporting job dissatisfaction (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.73-0.98). Conclusions and Relevance In this study, improved hospital nurse work environments were associated with more favorable physician outcomes, and modifiable features of the hospital environment, including having adequate numbers of direct care nurses and strong physician and nurse teamwork, were associated with greater physician well-being. These findings may inform the development and implementation of evidence-based interventions to improve physician well-being and retention.

Supplementary Data from Transcriptome Profile of Human Colorectal Adenomas

Supplementary Data from Transcriptome Profile of Human Colorectal Adenomas

Organoid biobanking: identifying the ethics

Tuft cells act as regenerative stem cells in the human intestine

Intensive Care Units in de landen van de Europese Gemeenschap

No abstract is provided for this article.

Investigating the validity of the short form Burnout Assessment Tool: A job demands-resources approach

The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the short form Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT-12). As a result of the pandemic, job stress has been compounded and the use of conceptually grounded and accurate measures is needed to identify burnout risks within specific organisations and the overall workforce. The study sample comprised 660 employees from various occupational settings who filled out an online survey. Latent variable methods with ordinal categorical data were implemented to model the data and to test the hypotheses for the study. Results showed that the proposed second-order factor model of the BAT-12 showed a good fit to the data and was invariant across gender and ethnicity. In addition, burnout – as operationalised with the BAT-12 – played the hypothesised mediating role in the Job Demands-Resources model. The BAT-12 also showed convergent validity with the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The authors conclude that BAT-12 is a robust instrument with adequate psychometric properties to measure burnout risk and present a freely available online application for employees to estimate their risk of burnout.

Van preventie naar amplitie: Interventies voor optimaal functionerende werknemers : Interventies voor optimaal functioneren

The recent rise of positive organisational psychology has laid out the theoretical foundation for research into positive work-related well-being. Now the time has come to translate this theoretical knowledge into practical positive work-related interventions. To that end, we introduce the term amplition in this article, after the Latin word amplio, meaning to enlarge, increase, or magnify. Interventions focused on amplition aim to enhance positive work-related well-being. This kind of interventions have hardly been designed, let alone tested among employees. The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate that the essential ingredients for these interventions are basically at hand. It is suggested to use the existing empirical knowledge on happiness interventions and on validated implementation techniques to compose work-related interventions focused on amplition. We conclude that work-related interventions should not focus exclusively on employees who are stressed or burned-out, but also on employees who are functioning well, but not yet optimally.

Towards a positive occupational health psychology: the case of work engagement (職場のメンタルヘルスとワーク・エンゲイジメント--国際学際交流シンポジウム)

No abstract is provided for this article.

Intestinal Regeneration: Regulation by the Microenvironment

The Balance of Give and Take: Toward a Social Exchange Model of Burnout

Resume A partir de l’idee d’un desequilibre entre donner et recevoir, un programme de recherche sur le lien entre echange social et burnout a ete initie il y a une dizaine d’annees. Une vingtaine d’etudes longitudinales ont ete menees. Elles portent sur plus de huit mille professionnels tels que des enseignants, des medecins, des infirmieres, des policiers, des gardiens de prison, des travailleurs sociaux et des personnes travaillant aupres de handicapes mentaux. Cet article rassemble les resultats obtenus au cours de ce programme de recherche et inclut ceux produits ailleurs par d’autres chercheurs. En se basant sur les resultats empiriques, un modele integrateur, comprehensif, de l’echange social est propose. Il integre 3 niveaux de l’echange social : avec les recipiendaires, avec les collegues et avec l’organisation dans son ensemble. Il apparait que la dimension centrale du burnout – l’epuisement professionnel – est liee au manque de reciprocite aux trois niveaux de l’echange social. De plus, les professionnels qui se sentent desavantages a un niveau particulier de l’echange tendent a se retirer de cette relation specifique. Par ailleurs, les resultats indiquent que les mesures simples et directes de la reciprocite doivent etre preferees aux mesures plus sophistiquees. Plus precisement : 1) les mesures intra-personnelles de la reciprocite qui referent exclusivement a ses propres standards sont superieures aux mesures interpersonnelles plus complexes qui incluent des comparaisons avec autrui ; 2) les auto-evaluations de la reciprocite basees sur un item sont superieures aux scores calcules a partir du rapport entre les gains et les couts.

Healthcare: better and cheaper

Functional and spatial proteomics profiling reveals intra- and intercellular signaling crosstalk in colorectal cancer

Abstract Background Despite major advances in the development of targeted therapies, precision (immuno)oncology approaches for patients with colorectal cancer continue to lag behind other solid cancers. Functional precision oncology – a strategy that is based on perturbing primary tumor cells from cancer patients with drugs – could provide an alternate road forward to personalize treatment. Methods We extend here the functional precision oncology paradigm to measuring phosphoproteome landscapes using patient-derived organoids (PDOs). We first employed steady-state multi-omics (exome sequencing, RNA sequencing, and proteomics) and single-cell characterization of the PDOs. The PDOs were then perturbed with kinase inhibitors (MEKi, PI3Ki, mTORi, TBKi, BRAFi, and TAKi), and large-scale phosphoproteomics profiling using data-independent acquisition was carried out. Further, we used imaging mass-cytometry-based single-cell proteomic profiling of the primary tumors to characterize cellular composition of the tumor-microenvironment (TME) and to quantify heterocellular signaling crosstalk. Results We show that kinase inhibitors induce profound off-target effects resulting in a crosstalk with oncogenic and immune-related pathways. Reconstruction of the topologies of the kinase networks revealed that the patient-specific rewiring of the central EGFR-RAS-MAPK network is unaffected by mutations. Moreover, we show non-genetic heterogeneity of the PDOs and patient- and inhibitor-specific upregulation of stemness and differentiation genes by kinase inhibitors. We complemented our functional profiling by spatial proteomics profiling of the primary tumors using imaging mass cytometry. We quantify spatial heterocellular crosstalk and tumor-immune cell interactions, showing an avoidance of PD1+ immune cells and PD-L1+ tumor cells. Conclusions Collectively, we provide a multi-modal framework for inferring tumor cell intrinsic signaling and external signaling from the TME to inform precision (immuno)-oncology in colorectal cancer.

Author Correction: The kinase TNIK is an essential activator of Wnt target genes

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Healthcare: better and cheaper

No abstract is provided for this article.

Additional file 5 of Shortening of the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT)—from 23 to 12 items using content and Rasch analysis

Additional file 5.

Propriedades psicométricas do Burnout Assessment Tool – Versão geral em trabalhadores de enfermagem

Objetivo: analisar as evidências de validade do Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) – Versão geral em uma amostra de trabalhadores de enfermagem brasileiros. Método: estudo transversal com amostragem não probabilística, realizado entre 3594 trabalhadores de enfermagem brasileiros. A validade do instrumento foi testada por meio da análise baseada na estrutura interna, nas relações com variáveis externas e no processo de resposta aos itens. Resultados: os modelos fatoriais do BAT – Versão geral mostraram adequado ajustamento aos dados. Entretanto, o modelo fatorial completo permitiu uma melhor compreensão da síndrome de burnout na amostra. Foi atestado que os fatores do BAT – Versão geral apresentaram correlações positivas com sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse e negativas com a satisfação no trabalho e a satisfação geral com a vida. A análise das evidências de validade baseadas no processo de resposta aos itens revelou que o BAT – Versão geral funcionou adequadamente tanto no grupo de trabalhadores de enfermagem que relataram ter problemas emocionais ou psicológicos de saúde quanto no grupo de trabalhadores que negaram estes problemas. Conclusão: os resultados forneceram evidências robustas de validade do BAT – Versão geral em trabalhadores de enfermagem brasileiros.

Human airway and nasal organoids reveal escalating replicative fitness of SARS-CoV-2 emerging variants

The high transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants was generally ascribed to immune escape. It remained unclear whether the emerging variants have gradually acquired replicative fitness in human respiratory epithelial cells. We sought to evaluate the replicative fitness of BA.5 and earlier variants in physiologically active respiratory organoids. BA.5 exhibited a dramatically increased replicative capacity and infectivity than B.1.1.529 and an ancestral strain wildtype (WT) in human nasal and airway organoids. BA.5 spike pseudovirus showed a significantly higher entry efficiency than that carrying WT or B.1.1.529 spike. Notably, we observed prominent syncytium formation in BA.5-infected nasal and airway organoids, albeit elusive in WT- and B.1.1.529-infected organoids. BA.5 spike-triggered syncytium formation was verified by lentiviral overexpression of spike in nasal organoids. Moreover, BA.5 replicated modestly in alveolar organoids, with a significantly lower titer than B.1.1.529 and WT. Collectively, the higher entry efficiency and fusogenic activity of BA.5 spike potentiated viral spread through syncytium formation in the human airway epithelium, leading to enhanced replicative fitness and immune evasion, whereas the attenuated replicative capacity of BA.5 in the alveolar organoids may account for its benign clinical manifestation.