This article investigates numerically the effects of Hall current and rotation effects on radiating and chemically reacting unsteady MHD natural convection flow past an accelerated infinite vertical permeable plate in the presence of Soret and Dufour effects. The dimensionless coupled non-linear governing partial differential equations of the problem are solved numerically by employing finite element method. The influence of various physical parameters influencing the flow on the primary velocity, secondary velocity, temperature and the species concentration are displayed graphically whilst the numerical results of the primary skin friction, secondary skin-friction, Nusselt number and the Sherwood number are presented in tabular form. Results reveals that magnetic parameter, radiation parameter and chemical reaction rate tends to depreciate both primary and secondary velocity components whilst Hall, Soret and Dufour effects have reverse trend. Rotation parameter tends to retard fluid flow in the primary flow direction and accelerate fluid flow in the secondary flow direction. Thermal boundary layer thickness decreases with increasing radiation parameter whilst the reverse trend is noticed with increasing Dufour effect. Thermal diffusion effect causes to improve concentration boundary layer thickness whilst chemical reaction rate has reverse impact. These parameters have similar effect on the primary and secondary skin-frictions whilst opposite effect was noticed on the Nusselt and Sherwood numbers. This model problem finds an important in engineering and industrial application such as MHD generators, food processing, heat exchangers devices and internal rotation rate of the sun. HIGHLIGHTS The problem investigate the effects of Hall current and rotation effects on radiating and reacting on unsteady magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) natural convection heat and mass transfer flow over an infinite vertical porous plate embedded in a uniform porous medium taking Soret and Dufour effects into account The resulting partial differential equations governing the fluid flow are solved numerically using the finite element method. In order to determine the effects of various pertinent parameters and to investigate the important flow features, the numerical calculations for fluid velocity, temperature and species concentration are computed and shown graphically whereas skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number at the plate are evaluated and depicted in tabular form The model problem finds an important in engineering and industrial application GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
This article investigates the effects of viscous dissipation on steady heat propagation through chemically reactive MHD nanofluid flow with mass and heat diffusion features in a vertical cone occupied by saturated porous medium. The flow of nanofluid in the medium resulting from the processes of Brownian motion and thermophoresis. The model is constructed by means of the scrupulous framework of dimensional PDEs accompanied by related initial and boundary conditions. These equations are adeptly renewed by applying appropriate similarity variables to non-dimensional ODEs. The resulting ODEs are solved by combining the 4th order Runge-Kutta method collective with the shooting technique. Flow's pertinent parameters affecting velocity, thermal, and concentration profiles are evaluated and illustrated graphically, while the wall shear-stress, heat and mass flux rates are accurately reported by tables. The thermal and velocity fields continued by viscous dissipation, thermophoresis and radiation effects. An improved Brownian motion begun to degrade concentration field but amended thermal and velocity fields. The strengthened magnetic field caused to decline velocity field but then the porosity fostered velocity field. The influence of thermal resistance ratio elaborated velocity, thermal and concentration fields. The wall friction depreciated with Brownian motion, heat-source and heat dissipation but it was increased with magnetic field. The rate of heat transfer lowered by the radiation and Brownian motion but it was upraised by the heat-source, thermophoresis and Biot number. Likewise, the mass transfer rate diminished by heightened Biot number and thermophoresis but it was increased by the Lewis number, Brownian motion and chemical reaction.
This study analyzed the thermophoresis and Brownian motion impacts on a diffusional heat-generating MHD Jeffrey nanofluid over an inclined vertical cone in a permeable medium with chemical reactions and radiation. The physical model developed in terms of dimensional set of PDEs with initial and boundary settings transmuted to dimensionless ODEs with appropriate similarity parameters and are then numerically cracked via the efficient finite element method. The effects of relevant physical quantities on the momentum, energy, and concentration profiles are examined via graphs, whereas the wall friction and rates of thermal and solutal transport are presented in the tables. An increase in radiation, thermodiffusion, porosity, and heat source parameters increased the fluid velocity, whereas an increase in the magnetic field and inclination angle decreased the fluid velocity. The nanofluid temperature is reduced by magnifying the retardation-to-relaxation time ratio parameter, whereas the opposite insinuation is noted with increases in the thermophoresis, Brownian, Dufour, and non-Newtonian parameters. An increase in the Lewis number and Brownian parameters decreased the fluid concentration, but it increased with increasing thermophoresis parameter. The rate of thermal transfer increases as the Dufour parameter increase, whereas the opposite tendency is observed when the radiation, Brownian, and buoyance parameters increase. Moreover, a comparison of the outcomes with those of earlier published works was performed to validate the exactness of the solutions and an outstanding agreement was reached.
Every experiment need to be validated. Without validation, to accept the hypothesis is difficult. In my work, in which 10 robots are taken and its path is destined from original to target position. While the robots starts moving from initial to final position on a particular path, It comes across various obstacles, by which it as to deviate its path in order to avoid collision. Therefore for every such obstacle, alternate paths are generated and the simulated values are compared with experimental(Decision Tree) values and thus the Chi Square test gives the validation.
