Publications

Abstract We present SIEVE, a statistical method for the joint inference of somatic variants and cell phylogeny under the finite-sites assumption from single-cell DNA sequencing. SIEVE leverages raw read counts for all nucleotides and corrects the acquisition bias of branch lengths. In our simulations, SIEVE outperforms other methods in phylogenetic reconstruction and variant calling accuracy, especially in the inference of homozygous variants. Applying SIEVE to three datasets, one for triple-negative breast (TNBC), and two for colorectal cancer (CRC), we find that double mutant genotypes are rare in CRC but unexpectedly frequent in the TNBC samples.

Background: During the last decades, olive oil consumption has experienced a continuous increase due to its unique organoleptic properties and its related beneficial properties. Consequently, waste and by-products derived from the olive production have also increased causing environmental problems and economic losses. However, the low-cost and huge availability of these by-products is an opportunity for their valorization and the obtaining of high added-value compounds such as tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol (HT), oleocanthal, oleuropein (OLE), ligstroside, squalene, fatty acids, etc. The development of innovative extraction and characterization technolo-gies is a key factor for the olive sector. In addition, a deeper knowledge about the biological properties of the compounds present in the recovered products and their mechanism of action is crucial to allow their reinte-gration in the food chain and their potential uses in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

As a group of heterodimeric and transmembrane glycoproteins, integrin receptors are widely expressed in various cell types overall the body. During cardiovascular dysfunction, integrin receptors apply inhibitory effects on the antioxidative pathways, including nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-Kelch like ECH Associated Protein 1 (Keap1)/antioxidant response element (ARE) and interconnected mediators. As such, dysregulation in integrin signaling pathways influences several aspects of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as heart failure, arrhythmia, angina, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, platelet aggregation and coagulation. So, modulation of integrin pathway could trigger the downstream antioxidant pathways toward cardioprotection. Regarding the involvement of multiple aforementioned mediators in the pathogenesis of CVDs, as well as the side effects of conventional drugs, seeking for novel alternative drugs is of great importance. Accordingly, the plant kingdom could pave the road in the treatment of CVDs. Of natural entities, polyphenols are multi-target and accessible phytochemicals with promising potency and low levels of toxicity. The present study aims at providing the cardioprotective roles of integrin receptors and downstream antioxidant pathways in heart failure, arrhythmia, angina, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, platelet aggregation and coagulation. The potential role of polyphenols has been also revealed in targeting the aforementioned dysregulated signaling mediators in those CVDs.

Papaya is one of the most important fruit trees cultivated throughout the tropical and subtropical regions and its production is rising worldwide. Its edible part has a high nutritional and sensory value and a great commercial potential. Mature papaya is consumed fresh and has been used in food processing and cosmetic industries. Along with some other parts such as leaves, seeds or skin, papaya has been used in traditional medicine in various countries. In fact, numerous studies have reported the presence of bioactive compounds with diverse biological properties in the papaya by-products, which has motivated the expansion of their applications. Papaya by-products have been demonstrated to exert a wide range of activities (e.g.; antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-dengue, anti-malarial, anti-fertility, diabetes prevention, insecticidal, anti-AIDS) that could be useful in pharmaceutical industry. They could be used in food industry, as a source of functional compounds and in innovative active packaging strategies, and in different cosmetic products, among other applications. Although this scenario indicates that the papaya industry could diversify and increase its economic value, there are two problems that significantly affect it: the spread of pathogens and the highly perishable nature of this fruit. On the one hand, genetic tools have been used to obtain transgenic varieties resistant to pathogens, while new preservation technologies have been explored. This review focuses on the main bioactive compounds, important physiological functions and applications of different papaya parts and also in the current development of genetically modified papaya in the industry and the research progress on storage and preservation.

A method based on solid-phase extraction (on silica cartridges) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) followed by diode array UV detection is presented as an analytical tool for screening diquat (DQ) and paraquat (PQ) in drinking waters. The method is useful for quality control laboratories of water companies and beverage industries. Absolute recoveries of DQ and PQ from drinking water (25 mL in all cases), spiked at levels between 0.1, 1.0, and 5.0 microg/L, range from 91% to 103%. Relative standard deviation percentages are between 3% and 11%. Quantitation and detection limits are 70 and 40 ng/L for DQ and 90 and 60 ng/L for PQ, respectively; therefore, these herbicides can be detected and quantitated at levels below the limits established by the European Union.

Abstract Flavonoids with wide bioactivity for medcine are vital secondary metabolite of plant. The factors influenced on flavonoids had been reported. However, as the key processes lead to metabolite alterations, the influences of the different pretreatments of samples on flavonoids and antioxidant activity of ferns were with little information. Therefore, Dryopteris erythrosora leaves were chosen as the materials for analyzing flavonoids alterations, which would not only provide the significant basic data for flavonoid metabolism of fern, but also for further developing fern resources. The results showed that a) The total flavonoids contents of D. erythrosora leaves with different pretreatments were obviously different. The total flavonoid contents of samples, which was dried in shade firstly and then dried at 75 °C in oven, finally smashed, was the highest (7.6%), but that of samples, which was quickly dried at 75 °C in oven directly after cleaning and then smashed, was the lowest (2.17%); b) Antioxidant activities of D. erythrosora leaves with different pretreatments were variant. Samples, which were dried in shade firstly and then dried at 75 °C in oven, finally smashed and samples which were firstly dried in the sun and then dried at 75 °C in oven, ultimately smashed, both showed stronger antioxidant activity; c) Total twenty-three flavonoids with four different pretreatments were tentatively identified by HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS. In conlusion, a) The influences of different pretreatments on flavonoids and antioxidant activity of D. erythrosora Leaves were obvious. b) The best pretreatment in respect to conserving fern medical application was drying in shade firstly and then drying at 75 °C in oven, finally smashed.

The embedded training of submarine emergency manipulation is one of new maneuver control training method, which enhances submariners' operational capacity and improves the navigation security of submarine.The development survey of submarine emergency motion model, training of emergency manipulation and embedded training in internal and overseas were summarized, and the related current problems were expounded.The intending development direction of embedded training of submarine emergency manipulation is high integration, strong pertinence and broad adaptability.

The use of conventional drugs to treat metabolic disorders and the pathological consequences of diabetes further increases the complications because of the side effects, and is sometimes burdensome due to relatively higher costs and occasionally painful route of administration of these drugs. Therefore, shifting to herbal medicine may be more effective, economical, have fewer side effects and might have minimal toxicity. The present review amasses a list of ethnomedicinal plants of 143 species belonging to 61 families, from distinctive domestic survey literature, reported to have been used to treat diabetes by the ethnic and local people of Bangladesh. Leaves of the medicinal plants were found leading in terms of their use, followed by fruits, whole plants, roots, seeds, bark, stems, flowers, and rhizomes. This review provides starting information leading to the search for and use of indigenous botanical resources to discover bioactive compounds for novel hypoglycemic drug development.