2,497 publications from this institution
The language and conceptual framework of "research reproducibility" are nonstandard and unsettled across the sciences.In this Perspective, we review an array of explicit and implicit definitions of reproducibility and related terminology, and discuss how to avoid potential misunderstandings when these terms are used as a surrogate for "truth.
Everyday network interactions require users to give out their email address, yet no guarantees can be made about how this address will be used. Sometimes the address is given to a human (e.g., on a business card), but many times it is entered in a web form as part of a web transaction. Unfortunately, that email address frequently finds itself in spammers' lists, never to be removed again. We propose the concept of the Single-Purpose Address (SPA); SPAs are generated by a program, and then cut-andpasted into the web page (or other application) requesting an email address. In its more general form an SPA encodes a security policy that describes the acceptable use of the address; since senders cannot be trusted to abide by it, this policy is enforced by the receiver, who generated the policy in the first place. SPAs are cryptographically protected to shield them from tampering. Since SPAs are not meant to be typed by humans, but rather processed by computer only, they do not have to be short, memorable, or even pronounceable. We present ways to construct such addresses, and we show the implementation of an optimized case.
Metagenomics deal with analysis of genetic material from environmental samples. The ultimate goal is to reconstruct entire genomes of unknown microbial species. We present a sample preparation method using the Fluidigm© C1 microfluidic platform that integrates throughput of shotgun sequencing with bioinformatics simplicity of single cell microfluidics. Our method is tested with a benchmark sample and characterize its mapping quality and coverage uniformity. We conclude that our microfluidic based pipeline is suitable for metagenomic applications.
This paper describes using adjacency lists to incrementally generate design rule spacing constraints. The algorithm generates the smallest complete set of constraints for a design, yielding fast compaction, and is as fast or faster than ordinary constraint generation methods even when the incremental features are not used. The adjacency list data structure allows one to very quickly move, insert or delete objects and generate an updated set of constraints.
Heterogeneous data are a common problem in meta-analysis. <b>John Ioannidis</b>, <b>Nikolaos Patsopoulos</b>, and <b>Hannah Rothstein</b> show that final synthesis is possible and desirable in most cases
In women with autoimmune disorders, a history of recurrent pregnancy loss is independently associated with reactivity against each of the three antigen specificities (Ro52, Ro60, p57) and also with the presence of antithyroglobulin antibodies, suggesting that cumulative autoimmune responses against these non-organ-specific and organ-specific antigens correlate with the risk of stillbirth and spontaneous abortion.
The Year of Open is a joint effort by the University of Texas Libraries and Texas Learning Sciences to raise the profile of open content on the campus of The University of Texas at Austin, in the city of Austin, and in the surrounding area.
Abstract Background The purpose of the present study was to determine independent predictors for long‐term mortality after cardiac surgery. The European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) was developed to score in‐hospital mortality and recent studies have shown its ability to predict long‐term mortality as well. We compared forecasts based on EuroSCORE with other models based on independent predictors. Methods Medical records of patients with cardiac surgery who were discharged alive ( n = 4852) were retrospectively reviewed. Their operative surgical risks were calculated according to EuroSCORE. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: training dataset ( n = 3233) and validation dataset ( n = 1619). Long‐term survival data (mean follow‐up 5·1 years) were obtained from the National Death Index. We compared four models: standard EuroSCORE (M1); logistic EuroSCORE (M2); M2 and other preoperative, intra‐operative and post‐operative selected variables (M3); and selected variables only (M4). M3 and M4 were determined with multivariable Cox regression analysis using the training dataset. Results The estimated five‐year survival rates of the quartiles in compared models in the validation dataset were: 94·5%, 87·8%, 77·1%, 64·9% for M1; 95·1%, 88·0%, 80·5%, 64·4% for M2; 93·4%, 89·4%, 80·8%, 64·1% for M3; and 95·8%, 90·9%, 81·0%, 59·9% for M4. In the four models, the odds of death in the highest‐risk quartile was 8·4‐, 8·5‐, 9·4‐ and 15·6‐fold higher, respectively, than the odds of death in the lowest‐risk quartile ( P < 0·0001 for all). Conclusions EuroSCORE is a good predictor of long‐term mortality after cardiac surgery. We developed and validated a model using selected preoperative, intra‐operative and post‐operative variables that has better discriminatory ability.
“Omics” research poses acute challenges regarding how to enhance validation practices and eventually the utility of this rich information. Several strategies may be useful, including routine replication, public data and protocol availability, funding incentives, reproducibility rewards or penalties, and targeted repeatability checks.
A technique for characterizing the cyclically time varying statistical properties and spectrum of power supply noise using only two on-chip samplers is presented. The samplers utilize a voltage-controlled oscillator to perform high-resolution analog-to-digital conversion with minimal hardware. The measurement system is implemented in a 0.13 /spl mu/m process as part of a high-speed link transceiver. Measurement results showing the cyclostationary behavior of power supply noise are presented.
• Create awareness for the fact that repetition of an experiment, even if the observed difference between groups is true is much lower than what most scienists expect • Discuss the issue of small sample sizes, appropriate sample sizes and pitfalls for replication studies
