Bis naphthalenedisulfonic acid analogs with biphenyl spacers have exhibited potent and selective inhibition of HIV-1 replication and giant cell formation. FACS analysis has revealed that these agents also inhibit viral binding to the target cell. Further mechanism of action studies by the FACA method demonstrate that the sulfonic acid analogs inhibit binding of anti-gp120 monoclonal antibody to the viral envelope of glycoprotein, gp120. Binding of OKT4A/Leu3a monoclonal antibody to the target cell CD4 receptor is not affected by these compounds. This investigation suggests that these naphthalenedisulfonic acid derivatives exert their anti-HIV-1 activity by inhibiting the gp120-CD4 interaction through binding of these agents to the viral gp120 antigen.
No abstract is provided for this article.
A wide variety of purine nucleoside (mainly tubercidin and adenosine) analogs, which had previously been shown to inhibit the replication of a broad spectrum of RNA viruses, were evaluated for their antirhinovirus activity in human diploid (WI-38) fibroblasts. Tubercidin, 5-(1-hydroxyethyl)tubercidin, 5-(2-buten-1-yl)tubercidin, toyocamycin, and sangivamycin emerged as the most potent inhibitors. These compounds inhibited the replication of rhinovirus types 1A, 1B, and 9 at an MIC well below 1 microgram/ml. However, these compounds proved cytotoxic for the uninfected host cells at concentrations which were only slightly higher (3- to 10-fold, on the average) than those required for inhibition of rhinovirus replication. The most selective inhibitor of rhinovirus replication was 3-deazaguanine, with a selectivity index of 50. None of the carbocyclic and acyclic analogs of adenosine tested exhibited a potent or selective antirhinovirus activity.
