Publications

Pancreatitis, characterized by pancreatic inflammation, commonly stems from triggers such as gallstones and excessive alcohol consumption. Gene-environment interactions intricately contribute to disease onset and progression, challenging the traditional classification of acute, recurring, and chronic pancreatitis as distinct entities. Instead, a disease continuum has emerged, where 30% of acute pancreatitis cases progress into a chronic form, often involving episodes of recurrence. This systematic study aims to explore the Risk Factors and Management of Acute Pancreatitis. Data from PubMed/Medline, Scopus databases, and Embase were analyzed following PRISMA guidelines (2010–2023). Among 329 identified studies, 15 met inclusion criteria, primarily employing surveys and national database analyses. Enhanced comprehension of risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment is crucial for refining future evaluation and management strategies. Pancreatitis exhibits multifaceted characteristics, presenting diverse causes, symptoms, and outcomes. Current understanding of its natural history and treatment remains limited. Long-term follow-up and randomized studies are imperative to unravel gene-environment interactions and formulate innovative therapeutic approaches. The increased incidence has facilitated progress in defining pancreatitis, with identified risk factors including biliary issues, anatomical abnormalities, systemic diseases, medications, trauma, genetics, infections, and metabolic factors. Notably, the proportion of idiopathic cases has decreased due to improved recognition of genetic and anatomical variants. Effective acute pancreatitis management necessitates early and aggressive fluid and nutritional therapy, pain control, and addressing precipitating factors.

PCC based nanohybrid has been synthesized by simple intercalation of CuO nano-sheets into PPC matrix. The morphological and phisochemical structure of nanohybrid was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy. Interestingly, the morphology of CuO nano-sheets was changed into nanoparticles after intercalation into the polymer matrix. From application point of view, chemical sensing performance of PPC and nanohybrid was investigated by simple I-V technique using nitrophenol as an organic pollutant. By applying to nitrophenol sensing, both PPC and nanohybrid performed as best nitrophenol chemi-sensor in terms of sensitivity. Nanohybrid showed 11.25 times higher sensitivity (4.50 μA.cm−2.mM−1) than pure PCC (0.40 μA.cm−2.mM−1). Therefore, nanohybridization is an efficient route to improve sensing performance of PPC.

This work was devoted to reinforcement of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) using cellulose nanofibers from Aloe vera rind. Nanofibers were isolated from Aloe vera rind in the form of an aqueous suspension using chemimechanical technique. Mechanical characterizations showed that incorporation of even small amounts of nanofibers (as low as 2% by weight) had significant effects on both the modulus and strength of PVA. Tensile modulus and strength of PVA increased, 32 and 63%, respectively, after adding 2% of cellulose nanofiber from Aloe vera rind. Samples with higher concentrations of nanofibers also showed improved mechanical properties due to a high level of interfacial adhesion and also dispersion of fibers. The results showed that inclusion of nanofibers decreased deformability of PVA significantly. Dynamic mechanical analysis revealed that, at elevated temperatures, improvement of mechanical properties due to the presence of nanofibers was even more noticeable. Addition of nanofibers resulted in increased thermal stability of PVA in thermogravimetric analysis due to the reduction in mobility of matrix molecules. Morphological observations showed no signs of agglomeration of fibers even in composites with high cellulose nanofiber contents. Inclusion of nanofibers was shown to increase the density of composites.

Untreated and alkali-treated (5% NaOH) Chloris barbata flower fibers (CBFFs) were used to fabricate the composites by hand lay-up method. Novel composite plates were manufactured by changing fiber weight fraction (5 wt.%, 10 wt.%, 15 wt.%, 20 wt.%, and 25 wt.%), raw and 5% NaOH treated fibers. The impact of NaOH treatment and fiber weight fraction on tensile, flexural, impact, morphological, and thermal properties of CBFF reinforced epoxy composites were examined and reported for the first time in this article. The tensile, flexural, and impact properties of the composites were increased up to 20 wt. % fiber additions and after that dropped. After the tensile testing, broken cross-sections of the composites were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which showed that NaOH treated CBFF reinforced composite has better interfacial bonding and lesser voids. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR), and Atomic force microscope (AFM) analysis of composites also pointed out that alkali-treated CBFF is a suitable material for reinforcement with the epoxy polymer matrix.

Polymeric bio-composites synthesized <i>via</i> a green approach using natural herbs have fascinating anticoagulant activity due to their eco-friendly and non-toxic behavior towards various physical and chemical actions. Herein, we introduce a simple and eco-friendly approach for the fabrication of a new hybrid type of bio-composite based on sulfated carboxymethyl cellulose (S-CMC) and <i>Azadirachta indica</i> leaf powder (S-CMC/NLP). First, a non-toxic sulfating agent called N(SO₃Na)₃ was used to modify carboxymethyl cellulose into S-CMC. With an ion exchange capacity of 0.25 meq. g^-1, the level of sulfation (%) of S-CMC (modified polysaccharide) was measured to be 12.01%. Three types of S-CMC/NLP bio-composites were developed by varying the concentration of NLP. FE-SEM, EDX, and XRD were used to characterize the structural features of S-CMC/NLP bio-composites. FTIR spectroscopy indicated that the S-CMC/NLP bio-composite possesses COO^-, -OH and SO^3- groups, suggesting the structural similarity to heparin. In addition, the anticoagulant effect of the S-CMC/NLP bio-composite was investigated using PT and APTT assays. The APTT investigation confirmed that following the intrinsic pathway of the coagulation system, 2-NLP/S-CMC bio-composite dose-dependently (0.045-0.28 mg mL^-1) prolonged the time of blood coagulation compared to control (pure plasma). The S-CMC/NLP bio-composite showed its potential as a new, safe, and effective candidate for anticoagulant activity.