The consequences of climate change for the agribusiness in Brazil have been widely debated.The issue is discussed in this publication to show the expected problems, particularly those associated with increases in temperature and water stress.It is emphasized that the genetic improvement of plants, based on the experience in the past, has much to contribute to mitigate these problems.To invest in the breeding of new cultivars, selected under stress conditions, is certainly the best possible strategy for agriculture to cope with changes caused by climate alterations.
Soluções baseadas em Processamento de Linguagem Natural (PLN) são adotadas com o objetivo de otimizar a gestão processual e garantir maior uniformidade e previsibilidade nas decisões judiciais. Modelos de linguagem, como o Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), são alternativas viáveis para capturar as particularidades da linguagem legal. Este trabalho investiga a aplicação de Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) com Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) aos modelos LegalBert-pt e BumbaBert, com abordagens de truncamento e agrupamento dos documentos para o aumento da precisão na classificação de temas de Incidentes de Resolução de Demandas Repetitivas (IRDRs) em sentenças jurídicas.
Abstract The Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory detected nineteen human-to-swine reverse zoonoses of the 2022–2023 human seasonal H3N2 between November 2022 and November 2023. Cases from seven U.S. locations were detected: 3 Colorado, 1 Illinois, 1 Indiana, 2 Missouri, 7 North Carolina, 1 Ohio, and 1 Pennsylvania. One additional case was detected in Mexico and two cases were identified from Chile. Case samples were comprised of 4 nasal swabs and 15 oral fluids. Virus was successfully isolated from two of four nasal swab samples, but isolation from oral fluids was unsuccessful. The swine detections of H3 human viruses were classified to one of two human-seasonal H3 clades, 3C.2a1b.2a.2b and 3C.2a1b.2a.2a.1. Phylogenetic inference indicated at minimum 7 reverse zoonotic events occurred, with possible swine-to-swine transmission following the initial spillover. Twelve neuraminidase genes were sequenced, and nine were classified as human-seasonal H3N2 lineage: the remaining were endemic swine IAV NA genes from the N2.2002B, N2.1998, or the N1.Classical lineage, suggesting reassortment. The two viral isolates obtained from nasal swab samples were sequenced and were entirely human-lineage viruses. Seven swine samples with human seasonal H3 were sequenced and revealed co-detections with H1 1A.3.3.3 (gamma), with internal gene segments from both the triple reassortant internal gene (TRIG) and pandemic 2009 lineages. Serologic investigation of samples from swine production systems provided evidence for infection with human seasonal H3N2. One farm in the United States and four farms in Mexico had concurrent virologic evidence. The swine-isolated 3C.2a1b.2a.2b H3N2 was antigenically distinct from endemic 1990.4.A, 2010.1, and 2010.2 swine H3N2 lineages, but retained antigenic similarity to a recent human seasonal H3N2 (A/Darwin/6/2021). Pigs experimentally inoculated with a representative isolate demonstrated replication in the nose and lungs and minimal to mild macroscopic and microscopic lung lesions, but primary pigs did not transmit the virus to indirect contacts. If sustained in the pig population, this human seasonal H3 would represent the first new lineage detected in pigs the 2020 decade and present an emerging threat to swine health and production.
