873 publications from this institution
The Poisson gravity model along with pseudo ML methods has become a popular way to model international trade flows. This approach has several econometric advantages that we outline in the paper. We argue that estimating the parameters by ML would only be justified statistically if the trade flows were independent. Such an assumption, however, is generally not valid, and a failure to account for spatial dependence may lead to biased parameter estimates and misleading inferences. To overcome this estimation problem we suggest eigenvector spatial filtering variants of the Poisson gravity model (without and with zero-inflation) along with pseudo ML estimation.
No abstract is provided for this article.
Contribution to the Metropolitan Study: 16 -- The project Nested Dynamics of Metropolitan Processes and Policies started as a collaborative study in 1983. This series of contributions is a means of conveying information between the collaborators in the network of the project. An important analytical starting point for behavioral studies of mobility is random utility theory, which has been a focus of interest in the Regional Issues Project. This paper provides a convenient starting point and state-of-the-art survey for anyone interested in applied mobility analysis and especially analysis of households and labor mobility in metropolitan regions.
No abstract is provided for this article.
The process of economic integration within Europe is a highly complex and multi-faceted phenomenon. There is little doubt, however, that the European Community has made persistent efforts to encourage the widening (territorial enlargement) and deepening (increasing the integration of existing member countries) of the integration process. This was true of the first territorial enlargement in the 1970s, and is even more so in the 1980s and 1990s, when the Community decided, ambitiously, to enlarge and deepen at the same time.
The objective is to combine insights from two research traditions, spatial interaction modelling and spatial autocorrelation modelling, to deal with the issue of spatial autocorrelation in spatial interaction data analysis. First, the problem is addressed from an...
Seit über sechs Jahrzehnten werden Radionuklide für die Schmerztherapie bei Knochen- und Gelenkerkrankungen eingesetzt. Dabei ist das Target bei malignen Knochenprozessen, besonders Knochenmetastasen, das überwiegend osteoblastische Knochengewebe, bei...
Chronische Schmerzen gehören zu den häufigsten und quälendsten Symptomen bei Patienten mit Knochenmetastasen einer malignen Systemerkrankung
The authors are attempting an objective elucidation of the economic crisis in Portugal. They are dealing with the influence of excess investment, with exte
ISHS II International Cherry Symposium RESISTANCE BREEDING IN SWEET CHERRIES
1 Regional Development Reconsidered: A Prologue.- A: Innovation Systems, Learning Regions and Human Resources.- 2 A Systemic Approach to Innovation.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 The Innovation Process.- 2.3 Knowledge Creation and Spillovers.- 2.4 The Systems of Innovation Approach.- 2.5 Regional Systems of Innovation.- 2.6 Some Policy Implications.- References.- 3 Regional Industrial Policy and the New Economy.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Models of Industrial Organisation.- 3.3 Innovation and Knowledge Production.- 3.4 The Impact of the New Economy on the Organisation of Industry.- 3.5 Processes of Learning and Labour Training.- 3.6 The Territorial Network Approach.- 3.7 Policies for Territorial Networks.- 3.8 Policy Tools for the Interregional Production Cooperation.- 3.9 Conclusions.- 4 Human Resources and Regional Development.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Human Resource Development: Some International Comparisons Comparisons.- 4.3 The Learning Economy, the Learning Society and Learning Regions.- 4.4 The Role of Universities in Regional Development.- 4.5 Setting Learning Targets: A Regional Perspective.- 4.6 Human Resource Development and Regional Strategies.- 4.7 Conclusions.- References.- B: Competitiveness and Cooperation.- 5 The Role of Public Institutions in Regional Competition.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Regional Competition by Public Institutions.- 5.3 Political Models of Regional Competition: Basic Approaches.- 5.4 Political Regional Competition within an Administrative Sector.- 5.5 Political Regional Competition within a Federation.- 5.6 Political Fiscal Regional Competition and Political Competition of Municipalities and Public Firms.- 5.7 Summary and Outlook.- References.- 6 Regional Cooperation of the Baltic States: Implications for Membership in the European Union.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Background of the Baltic States.- 6.3 Organisational Structures for Regional Cooperation.- 6.4 Contemporary Situation in Baltic States.- 6.5 Baltic States and Security.- References.- C: Mobility in Transport Systems in Europe.- 7 The Role of Infrastructure for Expansion and Integration.- 7.1 Introduction.- 7.2 Treaty and Statutory Basis of EU Action.- 7.3 The Role of the EU in Transport and Transport Infrastructure.- 7.7 TENs, TINA and Infrastructure Pricing.- 7.5 Assessment of Policy Objectives and Achievements.- References.- 8 Restructuring of Transportation Networks.- 8.1 Introduction.- 8.2 Review of Basic Theoretical Approaches.- 8.3 Aggregate Productivity Models: The Aschauer Debate.- 8.4 Input-Output Models.- 8.5 New Economic Geography Models.- 8.6 Measurement Issues.- 8.7 Evaluation and Appraisal.- 8.8 Conclusions.- References.- 9 Socio-economic Dynamics and Spatial Mobility: A Scenario Application to Environmental Strategies in Transport.- 9.1 Introduction.- 9.2 Decision Making and Scenarios.- 9.3 Assessment of the Base Scenarios.- 9.4 Energy Consumption of Present and Future Transport Modes.- 9.5 Electricity and Motor Fuels.- 9.6 Developments in Passenger Mobility.- 9.7 Analysis of Results.- 9.8 Conclusions.- References.- D: Regional Development and Policy Issues.- 10 Some Effects of Regional Differentiation on Integration in the European Community.- 10.1 Regional Differentiation and Integration.- 10.2 Turkish Regional Disparities.- 10.3 Results: Analysing Regional Disparities.- 10.4 Conclusions.- References.- 11 An Institutional and Cultural Perspective on Romanian Regional Development Policy.- 11.1 Introduction.- 11.2 Regional Development Policy in Romenia: Institutional Reforms.- 11.3 Cultural and Behavioural Challenges in the Implementation of Regional Policies.- 11.4 Conclusions.- References.- List of Figures.- List of Tables.- Author Index.- List of Contributors.
The modelling of univariate time series is a subject of great importance in a variety of fields, in regional science and economics, and beyond. Time series modelling involves three major stages:model identification, model%0D estimation and diagnostic checking. This current paper focuses its attention on the model identification stage in general and on the issue of testing for non-linear dependence in particular. If the null hypothesis of independence is rejected, then the alternative hypothesis implies the existence of linear or non-linear dependence. The test of this hypothesis is of crucial importance. If the data are linearly dependent, the linear time series models have to be specified (generally within the SARIMA methodology). If the data are non-linearly dependent, then non-linear time series modelling (such as ARCH, GARCH and autoregressive neural network models) must be employed. Several tests have recently been developed for this purpose. In this paper we make a modest attempt to investigate the power of five competing tests (McLeod-Li-test, Hsieh-test, BDS-test, TerA¤virta''''s neural network test) in a real world application domain of unemployment rate prediction in order to determine what kind of non-linear specification they have good power against, and which not. The results obtained indicate that that all the tests reject the hypothesis of mere linear dependence in our application. But if interest is focused on predicting the conditional mean of the series, the neural network test is most informative for model identification and its use is therefore highly%0D recommended.
The objective of this study is to identify knowledge spillovers that spread across regions in Europe and vary in magnitude for different industries. The study uses a panel of 203 NUTS-2 regions covering the 15 pre-2004 EU-member-states to estimate the impact over the period 1998-2003, and distinguish between five major industries. The study implements a fixed effects panel data regression model with spatial autocorrelation to estimate effects using patent applications as a measure of R&D output to capture the contribution of R&D (direct and spilled-over) to regional productivity at the industry level. The results suggest that interregional knowledge spillovers and their productivity effects are to a substantial degree geographically localised and this finding is consistent with the localisation hypothesis of knowledge spillovers. There is a substantial amount of heterogeneity across industries with evidence that two industries (electronics, and chemical industries) produce interregional knowledge spillovers that have positive and highly significant productivity effects. The study, moreover, confirms the importance of spatial autoregressive disturbance in the fixed effects model for measuring the TFP impact of interregional knowledge spillovers at the industry level.
The systems of innovation approach has recently received considerable attention as a promising conceptual framework for advancing our understanding of the innovation process in the economy. A system of innovation may be thought of as a set of actors such as firms,...
Club-convergence analysis provides a more realistic and detailed picture about regional income growth than traditional convergence analysis. This paper presents a spatial econometric framework for club-convergence testing that relates the concept of club-convergence to the notion of spatial heterogeneity. The study provides evidence for the club-convergence hypothesis in cross-regional growth dynamics from a pan-European perspective. The conclusions are threefold. First, we reject the standard Barro-style regression model which underlies most empirical work on regional income convergence, in favour of a two regime [club] alternative in which different regional economies obey different linear regressions when grouped by means of Getis and Ord's (1992) local clustering technique. Second, the results point to a heterogeneous pattern in the pan-European convergence process. Heterogeneity appears in both the convergence rate and the steady-state level. But, third, the study also reveals that spatial error dependence introduces an important bias in our perception of the club-convergence and shows that neglection of this bias would give rise to misleading conclusions.
The phenomenon of interest in this chapter may be described in most general terms as interactions between populations of actors and opportunities distributed over some relevant geographic space. Such interactions may involve movements of individuals from one location...
No abstract is provided for this article.
