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Beam–columns are designed to withstand the concurrent action of both axial and bending stresses. Therefore, when assessing the structural health of an in situ beam–column, both of these load effects must be considered. Probing, having been shown recently to be an effective methodology for predicting the in situ health of prestressed stayed columns under axial compression, is applied currently for predicting the in situ health of beam–columns. Although probing stiffness was sufficient for predicting the health of prestressed stayed columns, additional data are required to predict both the moment and axial utilisation ratios. It is shown that the initial lateral deflection is a suitable measure considered alongside the probing stiffness measured at various probing locations within a revised machine learning (ML) framework. The inclusion of both terms in the ML framework produced an almost exact prediction of both the aforementioned utilisation ratios for various design combinations, thereby demonstrating that the probing framework proposed herein is an appropriate methodology for evaluating the structural strength reserves of beam–columns.

1. We have studied the effect of the anti-inflammatory anti-asthma drug, nedocromil sodium, on down-regulation of pulmonary β-adrenoceptors in guinea-pig lung. 2. Incubation of minced lung with isoprenaline (10 μmol/l) resulted in a reduction in maximum binding capacity of [125I]iodocyanopindolol to lung membranes from 246 ± 4 to 169 ± 6 fmol/mg of protein (mean ± sem, P < 0.01, n = 18). 3. Nedocromil sodium, which had no direct effect on [125I]iodocyanopindolol binding, prevented isoprenaline-induced down-regulation, giving complete protection at a dose of 100 μmol/l. 4. The mechanism of this effect is not certain, but nedocromil sodium may interfere with the internalization of β-adrenoceptors in pulmonary parenchymal cells. This may have some therapeutic relevance.

Conference Article| May 01 1997 NF-κB involvement in IL-1β-induction of GM-CSF and COX-2: inhibition by glucocorticoids does not require I-κB IM ADCOCK; IM ADCOCK 1Thoracic Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine at NHLI, Dovehouse Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar R NEWTON; R NEWTON 1Thoracic Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine at NHLI, Dovehouse Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar PJ BARNES PJ BARNES 1Thoracic Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine at NHLI, Dovehouse Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1997) 25 (2): 154S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst025154s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation IM ADCOCK, R NEWTON, PJ BARNES; NF-κB involvement in IL-1β-induction of GM-CSF and COX-2: inhibition by glucocorticoids does not require I-κB. Biochem Soc Trans 1 May 1997; 25 (2): 154S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst025154s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1997 Biochemical Society1997 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the process to obtain Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for the expanded indication for treatment with the Resolute zotarolimus-eluting stent (R-ZES) (Medtronic, Inc., Santa Rosa, California) in patients with coronary artery disease and diabetes. Background The R-ZES is the first drug-eluting stent specifically indicated in the United States for percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with diabetes. Methods We pooled patient-level data for 5,130 patients from the RESOLUTE Global Clinical Program. A performance goal prospectively determined in conjunction with the FDA was established as a rate of target vessel failure at 12 months of 14.5%. In addition to the FDA pre-specified cohort of less complex patients with diabetes (n = 878), we evaluated outcomes of the R-ZES in all 1,535 patients with diabetes compared with all 3,595 patients without diabetes at 2 years. Results The 12-month rate of target vessel failure in the pre-specified diabetic cohort was 7.8% (upper 95% confidence interval: 9.51%), significantly lower than the performance goal of 14.5% (p < 0.001). After 2 years, the cumulative incidence of target lesion failure in patients with noninsulin-treated diabetes was comparable to that of patients without diabetes (8.0% vs. 7.1%). The higher risk insulin-treated population demonstrated a significantly higher target lesion failure rate (13.7%). In the whole population, including complex patients, rates of stent thrombosis were not significantly different between patients with and without diabetes (1.2% vs. 0.8%). Conclusions The R-ZES is safe and effective in patients with diabetes. Long-term clinical data of patients with noninsulin-treated diabetes are equivalent to patients without diabetes. Patients with insulin-treated diabetes remain a higher risk subset. (The Medtronic RESOLUTE Clinical Trial; NCT00248079; Randomized, Two-arm, Non-inferiority Study Comparing Endeavor-Resolute Stent With Abbot Xience-V Stent [RESOLUTE-AC]; NCT00617084; The Medtronic RESOLUTE US Clinical Trial (R-US); NCT00726453; RESOLUTE International Registry: Evaluation of the Resolute Zotarolimus-Eluting Stent System in a ‘Real-World’ Patient Population [R-Int]; NCT00752128; RESOLUTE Japan–The Clinical Evaluation of the MDT-4107 Drug-Eluting Coronary Stent [RJ]; NCT00927940).

The concentration of nitric oxide (NO) is increased in the exhaled air of patients with inflammation of the airways, suggesting that this may be a useful measurement to monitor inflammation in diseases such as asthma. However, there have been concerns that exhaled NO may be contaminated by the high concentrations of NO derived from the upper airways, and that this may account for differences in reported values of exhaled NO using different techniques. A study was performed, with argon as a tracer, to determine the extent of nasal contamination of exhaled NO using different expiratory manoeuvres.Exhaled and nasal NO were measured by a chemiluminescence analyser. Argon (4.8%) was delivered continuously to the nose. Gas was sampled from the posterior oropharynx and argon and carbon dioxide were measured by mass spectrometry at the same time as NO.During a single expiration against a low resistance and during breath holding there was no evidence for nasal contamination, whereas during exhalation without resistance argon concentration in the oropharynx was increased from 0.91% (95% CI 0.84% to 0.98%) in ambient air to 1.28% (0.9% to 2.24%, p < 0.0001) during a single breath or 2.37% (2.29% to 2.51%, p < 0.0001) during tidal breathing.Collection of exhaled NO in a reservoir during tidal breathing is likely to be contaminated by NO derived from the nose and this may underestimate any increases in NO derived from the lower respiratory tract in inflammatory diseases. However, with slow expiration against a resistance and created back pressure to close the soft palate, there is no contamination of exhaled air which then reflects concentrations of NO in the lower airways.

The treatment of asthma has improved greatly during the last two decades, and deaths from the disease have decreased.1 Despite these advances, many asthma patients fail to achieve optimal asthma control as defined by international guidelines.^2,3 Severe asthma is associated with high risk of exacerbations and death.⁴ Definitions of severe asthma vary but, according to European Respiratory Society (ERS)/American Thoracic Society (ATS) and Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines, severe asthma is asthma that requires treatment with high doses of inhaled corticosteroids plus a second controller, and/or systemic corticosteroids, to prevent it from becoming uncontrolled, or remains uncontrolled despite this therapy.^2,5 In an expert interview, Professor Barnes discusses the latest advances in the management of both mild and severe asthma.

Conference Abstract| January 01 1985 The Functional Association of Cholinergic and Non-Adrenergic Inhibitory Responses in Bovine Airway Smooth Muscle J. Palmer; J. Palmer 1Department of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 OHS Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar A. Sampson; A. Sampson 1Department of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 OHS Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar P. Barnes P. Barnes 1Department of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 OHS Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Clin Sci (Lond) (1985) 68 (s11): 5P. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs068005Pa Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation J. Palmer, A. Sampson, P. Barnes; The Functional Association of Cholinergic and Non-Adrenergic Inhibitory Responses in Bovine Airway Smooth Muscle. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 January 1985; 68 (s11): 5P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs068005Pa Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1985 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1985 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Paper presented at the international conference of Thermodynamic Speciation Modelling, University of Salford, UK, 2003.