Publications

Late Breaking Abstract - SERPINA1 methylation and lung function: Results from SAPALDIA, the Swiss population-based cohort study

<b>Background:</b> Mutations in the <i>SERPINA1</i> gene can lead to alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency and subsequently emphysema. Differential <i>SERPINA1</i> methylation was associated with COPD, FEV1/FVC and FEV1 in a family-based study of predominantly smoking adults without severe AAT deficiency. This study is the first to assess if <i>SERPINA1</i> methylation is cross-sectionally and longitudinally associated with lung function (FEV1/FVC, FEV1, FVC) in a population-based study of smokers. <b>Methods:</b> Novel SAPALDIA data from 1121 participants collected at baseline and 10 years later were analyzed. Associations of methylation beta values with lung function adjusted for potential confounders (except for smoking, neutrophils and BMI) and corrected for principal components of technical covariates were assessed in ever smokers using repeat cross-sectional and longitudinal models. In the <i>SERPINA1</i> gene region (<i>PPP4R4-SERPINA13P</i>), 108 CpGs were investigated for association. <b>Results:</b> Several differentially methylated CpGs in <i>SERPINA1</i> gene were significantly associated with lung function in cross-sectional and longitudinal models. One of the top two <i>SERPINA1</i> signals from the family-based study was replicated in SAPALDIA; yet as expected in a population-based study, with a lower significance level. Lastly, the most strongly associated CpG with change in FEV1/FVC was the smoking-related cg08257009. This result was replicated in the ECRHS cohort. While nominally significant, none of the results reached a Bonferroni-corrected significance level. <b>Conclusion:</b> SAPALDIA findings suggest that methylation in <i>SERPINA1</i> may not be a relevant predictor of lung function. Replication in the ECRHS and NFBC cohorts is ongoing.

Book Review: Methods of Enzymatic Analysis. Volume 8. Metabolites 3: Lipids, Amino Acids, and Related Compounds. Edited by H. U. Bergmeyer, J. Bergmeyer, and M. Grassl

Intake of individual saturated fatty acids and risk of coronary heart disease in US men and women: two prospective longitudinal cohort studies

Higher dietary intakes of major SFAs are associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease. Owing to similar associations and high correlations among individual SFAs, dietary recommendations for the prevention of coronary heart disease should continue to focus on replacing total saturated fat with more healthy sources of energy.

Identification of IL6R and chromosome 11q13.5 as risk loci for asthma

A convenient synthesis of disodium acetyl phosphate for use in in situ ATP cofactor regeneration

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA convenient synthesis of disodium acetyl phosphate for use in in situ ATP cofactor regenerationDebbie C. Crans and George M. WhitesidesCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 18, 3130–3132Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00166a048https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00166a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views714Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Curved Ring Origami: Bistable Elastic Folding for Magic Pattern Reconfigurations

Ring origami has emerged as a robust strategy for designing foldable and deployable structures due to its impressive packing abilities achieved from snap-folding. In general, polygonal rings with rationally designed geometric parameters can fold into compact three-loop configurations with curved segments which result from the internal bending moment in the folded state. Inspired by the internal bending moment-induced curvature in the folded state, we explore how this curvature can be tuned by introducing initial natural curvature to the segments of the polygonal rings in their deployed stress-free state, and study how this initial curvature affects the folded configurations of the rings. Taking a clue from straight-segmented polygonal rings that fold into overlapping curved loops, we find that this behavior can be reversed by introducing curvature into the ring segments in the stress-free initial state such that the rings fold into a looped straight-line configuration with “zero” area. This strategy realizes extreme packing of the rings. In this work, by a combination of experimental observation, finite element analysis, and theoretical modeling, we systematically study the effect of segment curvature on folding behaviors, folded configurations, and packing abilities of curved ring origami with different geometries. It is anticipated that curved ring origami can open a new avenue for the design of foldable and deployable structures with simple folded configurations and high packing efficiency.

Fabrication of arrays of channel waveguides by self‐assembly using patterned organic monolayers as templates

Complex arrays of channel waveguides can be easily fabricated by the new approach reported here, which is based on microcontact printing and self‐assembly of solid, three‐dimensional polymeric structures from liquid precursors. It shows that structures produced by the procedure described act as multi‐mode optical waveguides, and suggestions are made for improvements following on from this demonstration of principle. Waveguides are important in communications, photonic sensors, and optical devices.

Primary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease in Women through Diet and Lifestyle

Among women, adherence to lifestyle guidelines involving diet, exercise, and abstinence from smoking is associated with a very low risk of coronary heart disease.

Estimating the Entropic Cost of Self-Assembly of Multiparticle Hydrogen-Bonded Aggregates Based on the Cyanuric Acid·Melamine Lattice

The entropic component of the free energy of assembly for multiparticle hydrogen-bonded aggregates is analyzed using a model based on balls connected by rigid rods or flexible strings. The entropy of assembly, ΔS, is partitioned into translational, rotational, vibrational, and conformational components. While previously reported theoretical treatments of rotational and vibrational entropies for assembly are adequate, treatments of translational entropy in solution and of conformational entropyoften the two largest components of ΔSare not. This paper provides improved estimates and illustrates the methods used to obtain them. First, a model is described for translational entropy of molecules in solution (ΔStrans(sol)); this model provides physically intuitive corrections for values of ΔStrans(sol) that are based on the Sackur−Tetrode equation. This model is combined with one for rotational entropy to estimate the difference in entropy of assembly between a 4-particle aggregate and a 6-particle one. Second, an approximate analysis of a model based on balls connected by rods or strings gives an approximate estimate of the maximum contribution of conformational entropy to the difference in free energy of assembly of flexible and of rigid molecular assemblies. This analysis, although approximate, is easily applied by all types of chemists and biochemists; it serves as a guide to the design of stable molecular aggregates, and the qualitative arguments apply generally to any form of self-assembly.

Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetic Women

Letters20 November 2001Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetic WomenFrank B. Hu, MD, PhD, Meir J. Stampfer, MD, DrPH, and JoAnn E. Manson, MD, DrPHFrank B. Hu, MD, PhDHarvard School of Public Health; Boston, MA 02215 (Hu, De Vitis, Manson)Search for more papers by this author, Meir J. Stampfer, MD, DrPHHarvard School of Public Health; Boston, MA 02215 (Hu, De Vitis, Manson)Search for more papers by this author, and JoAnn E. Manson, MD, DrPHHarvard School of Public Health; Boston, MA 02215 (Hu, De Vitis, Manson)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-10-200111200-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Kessler questions the clinical implications of our study (1) and raises the issue of benefits compared with costs of physical activity. He has raised similar issues regarding our previous reports (2, 3). Despite his intricate calculations, Dr. Kessler misses the point of our study. First, although it may take several years of activity to prevent a single cardiovascular event among the least active group as a whole, for each individual woman, only 30 minutes to 1 hour of moderate to vigorous exercise per day is needed. Second, Dr. Kessler considers only the lowest and highest risk groups ...References1. Hu FB, Stampfer MJ, Solomon C, Liu S, Colditz GA, Speizer FE, et al . Physical activity and risk for cardiovascular events in diabetic women. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:96-105. [PMID: 11177312] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Kessler KM. Primary prevention of coronary heart disease in women through diet and lifestyle [Letter]. N Engl J Med. 2000;343:1814; discussion 1814-5. [PMID: 11185604] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Kessler KM. Triggering of sudden death from cardiac causes by vigorous exertion [Letter]. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:854; discussion 855. [PMID: 11252309] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. . Physical Activity and Health: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; 1996. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Harvard School of Public Health; Boston, MA 02215 (Hu, De Vitis, Manson) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPhysical Activity and Risk for Cardiovascular Events in Diabetic Women Frank B. Hu , Meir J. Stampfer , Caren Solomon , Simin Liu , Graham A. Colditz , Frank E. Speizer , Walter C. Willett , and JoAnn E. Manson Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetic Women Kenneth M. Kessler Metrics Cited ByVariations in tryptophan hydroxylase 2 linked to decreased serotonergic activity are associated with elevated risk for metabolic syndrome in depression 20 November 2001Volume 135, Issue 10Page: 931KeywordsBlood pressureCancer preventionCardiovascular diseasesExerciseHigh density lipoprotein cholesterolMorbidityMortalityOsteoporosisQuality of life ePublished: 20 November 2001 Issue Published: 20 November 2001 CopyrightCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...

Processed meat intake and incidence of Type 2 diabetes in younger and middle-aged women

Acid-base behavior of carboxylic acid groups covalently attached at the surface of polyethylene: The usefulness of contact angle in following the ionization of surface functionality

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAcid-base behavior of carboxylic acid groups covalently attached at the surface of polyethylene: The usefulness of contact angle in following the ionization of surface functionalityStephen Randall Holmes-Farley, Robert H. Reamey, Thomas J. McCarthy, John Deutch, and George M. WhitesidesCite this: Langmuir 1985, 1, 6, 725–740Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00066a016https://doi.org/10.1021/la00066a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1981Altmetric-Citations279LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Intergenerational transmission of overweight among Finnish adolescents and their parents: a 16-year follow-up study

Solid-state structures of rosette and crinkled tape motifs derived from the cyanuric acid melamine lattice

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolid-state structures of rosette and crinkled tape motifs derived from the cyanuric acid melamine latticeJonathan A. Zerkowski, Christopher T. Seto, and George M. WhitesidesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 13, 5473–5475Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00039a096https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00039a096research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1340Altmetric-Citations274LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts

Inkjet Printing of Conductive Inks with High Lateral Resolution on Omniphobic “R^F Paper” for Paper‐Based Electronics and MEMS

The use of omniphobic "fluoroalkylated paper" as a substrate for inkjet printing of aqueous inks that are the precursors of electrically conductive patterns is described. By controlling the surface chemistry of the paper, it is possible to print high resolution, conductive patterns that remain conductive after folding and exposure to common solvents. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.

Red meat intake and risk of type 2 diabetes in a prospective cohort study of United States females and males

Patterning Disorder in Monolayer Resists for the Fabrication of Sub-100-nm Structures in Silver, Gold, Silicon, and Aluminum

This paper describes the development of a new methodology, "topographically directed etching" or TODE, that relies on patterned regions of disorder in SAMs to generate features specifically at the edges of topographically patterned metal films. The features that are produced have lateral dimensions of <50 to 200 nm and are at least an order of magnitude smaller than those patterned originally in the material, when the original patterning is at the scale of μm. Several variations of this methodology are described, the results of which include the generation of 100-nm trenches in silver, gold, SiO2/Si, and Al2O3/Al, 100-nm lines of silver, asymmetric structures in aluminum and silver, and 50-nm features in curved silver surfaces. Although the techniques can be combined with photolithography, the pattern transfer step is based on chemical reaction and is therefore not limited by diffraction or depth of focus. This methodology makes the fabrication of ∼100-nm structures accessible to chemists/materials scientists without access to tools required for electron-beam writing and other procedures of nanofabrication.

Plasma Lipidomic Profiles in Relation to Incident Type 2 Diabetes among Women with a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Dyslipidemia is a risk factor of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Women with a history of gestational diabetes (GDM) have a greater T2D risk; however, whether lipids patterns contribute to risk of progression remains unclear. Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study of incident T2D among women enrolled in the Nurses’ Health Study II reporting a history of GDM prior to the first blood collection (1995-1999) and followed-up through 2013. Plasma lipidomics containing 180 metabolites were measured in a subset of 175 incident cases and 176 age-matched controls by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We constructed lipid networks using a weighted-correlation algorithm, and examined the association of individual lipids and sub-networks with T2D risk using logistic regression, adjusting for established T2D risk factors. Results: We identified 39 lipids species significantly associated with T2D risk (FDR&amp;lt;0.05), and observed different association patterns (in which associations were differed by numbers of carbon and double-bonds) across various lipid classes. We constructed 5 co-regulating lipid sub-networks, one of which (featuring the interactions between diacylglycerol, triacylglycerol, and phosphatidylethanolamine with mid-length carbon and less double-bonds) was significantly associated with incident T2D risk (odds ratio for increasing quartiles was 1 [reference], 2.4, 3.4, and 4.4; P-trend=0.0008). The addition of significant lipid species to a base model (13 traditional risk factors and medications) to predict incident T2D increased the c-statistics from 0.83 to 0.90 (P=0.001) with a corresponding categorical net reclassification index of 0.27 (P&amp;lt;0.001) in cross-validation. Conclusions: The dysregulation of certain lipid specie/class may contribute to a higher risk of incident T2D after a GDM pregnancy. Plasma lipid species and the network signatures may aid future clinical risk assessment and targeted interventions. Disclosure J. Li: None. L. Liang: None. F. Hu: None. C. Zhang: None. D. Tobias: None.