Abstract The development of deformities in farmed fish is largely the result of abiotic, biotic, and xenobiotic factors, information deficiencies in optimizing nutrition, and the genetic background to which the fish are exposed in their early life stages. In general, skeletal anomalies are considered to have significant adverse effects on animal welfare, biological performance of farmed fish, product quality and production costs. In the data obtained by the meta-analysis method, the presence of negative effects on the formal structures of fish was found, regardless of the region, duration, stage, factor, stock density, and method used to detect deformation. In this regard, in the studies considered within the deformation region/type, 46% of deformities were found in the spine, 37% in the head, and 16% in the total skeleton. In turn, the results of the meta-analysis showed that the percentages of the apparent value were 35.82% in the spine, 33.12% in the skeleton, and 31.06% in the head. The deformation rate had an overall negative effect on the functional characteristics of the fish, regardless of the variables considered. In addition, all statistically significant individual response variables had a negative effect size. In the future, advanced statistical tools such as Bayesian meta-analysis, network meta-analysis, and meta-regression analysis can be used to explore more complex data structures. The rapid development of artificial intelligence techniques will increase the efficiency of data collection and the robustness of results for meta-analysis studies in aquaculture and other fields.
Trout is a fish species that is produced widely all over the world and it has an important place \nin the aquaculture industry. For the sustainable development of the trout culture, it is need to \ndetermine how much fish can be stocked per unit volume (carrying capacity). Over-stocking \ncould threaten fish welfare and sustainable use of environmental resources. Estimating of \ncarrying capacity is necessary both to minimize these adverse impacts on fish and \nenvironment, and in terms of sustainable use of water resources. In this study, carrying \ncapacity of a commercial land based trout farm in Koycegiz (Mugla/TURKEY) was \ninvestigated. Two methods were used to calculate carrying capacity and compared with each \nother: “Oxygen requirement based carrying capacity” and “Metabolic waste based carrying \ncapacity”. The mean values of studied water quality parameters that used in calculations were \nmeasured as; 14.12 ± 0.72 °C for temperature, 7.78 ±0.20 for pH, 10.1 ± 0.93 mg/l for \noxygen, 3,05 ± 0,84 m3 s-1 for flow rate. The annual production capacity was calculated \nwith these measured parameters. By the observed data, the carrying capacities of the farm \nwere found respectively with based on oxygen requirement as 538.42 ± 196.22 tonnes; and \nbased on metabolic waste as 1113.4 ± 463.7 tonnes per years. According to the results that \nobtained from the study, there was significant difference between two carrying capacity \nestimation methods. However when the oxygen levels of the water were examined, in some \nmonths the negative values, that could adversely affect the life and growth of the trouts, were \nobserved. Fort this reason, to reduce the limiting effect of the oxygen and reach maximum \ncarrying capacity; it is needed to be integrated oxygenation or aeration systems into the \nproduction ponds. On the other hand, for the sustainable use of the environmental sources in \nthe facilities engaged in production according to the metabolic waste based carrying capacity, \nit is important to use advanced water filtration systems. \nKeywords: Carrying capacity, land-based trout culture, water quality.
Bu çalışma ile öncelikli olarak Avrupa yayın balığının (Silurus glanis) tam kontrollü olarak üretiminin yapılması, değişik solüsyonlar ve yöntemler kullanarak döllenme ve yaşama oranlarının arttırılması, elde edilecek larvalar ile hem doğal stokların zenginleştirilmesi aynı zamanda Türkiye‘de yetiştiriciliği yapılmayan bu türün Türkiye‘de yetiştiriciliği yapılan türlere ilave yeni bir tür olarak katılımının sağlanması amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışma için Manisa ilinde faaliyet gösteren Gürle ticari alabalık işletmesi kullanıldı. Söz konusu işletmede damızlıklardan elde edilecek yumurtalar ve spermler çeşitli dölleme metotlarından faydalanarak dölleme işlemine maruz bırakılacak ve ardından yumurtalar zuger sistemlerine tekrarlar oluşturulmak suretiyle yerleştirildi. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmada iki farklı bölgeden farklı yıllarda avlanan yayın balıklarından elde edilen bulguların ışığı altında, üre-tuz solüsyonuyla muamele edilen yumurtalardan sağlanan döllenme, gözlenme ve larva çıkış oranlarının tuz solüsyonu uygulamasına göre daha yüksek olduğu, üre-tuz solüsyonunun 10 dakika ve tuz solüsyonunun ise 10 dakika süre ile uygulanmasının daha başarılı olduğu sonucuna varıldı. Bunun yanında, canlı materyalle çalışmada ortaya çıkan zaman problemi bizimde en büyük engelimiz olarak çıkmıştır. Üreme döngüsünün yılda bir kez gerçekleşmesi ve başarısızlık durumunda bir sonraki yılı bekleme zorunluluğu oluşmuştur. Bu bağlamda son denememizde de yumurta alma, dölleme ve yaşatma etkinliklerinde yaşanacak problemlerin tolere edilebilmesi mümkün olmayacağından proje burada sonlandırılmak zorunda kalınmıştır.
Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) is an uncommon variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) characterised by external ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia. This syndrome is observed in about 5% of all GBS cases. Miller-Fisher syndrome can be distinguished from GBS by a few clinical features. As the laboratory findings are not specific for MFS, the diagnosis is made only with suspicion of the disease. The aim of this report was to remind the MFS to emergency physicians and to emphasize the differential characteristics and treatment of this neurological emergency. We reported the clinical features of two patients who were diagnosed to have MFS in the emergency department. Emergency physicians should not underestimate the flu like illness together with the typically clinical triad of MFS in the possibility of variant MFS. The first dose IVIG therapy in the ED may be an important factor for early recovery of the patients who have clinically severe findings. (Hong Kong j.emerg.med. 2011;18:428-431)
