Machine learning (ML) models in material science and construction engineering have significantly improved predictive accuracy and decision making. However, the practical implementation of these models often requires technical expertise, limiting their accessibility for engineers and practitioners. A user-friendly graphical user interface (GUI) can be an essential tool to bridge this gap. In this study, a sustainable approach to improve the compressive strength (C.S) of plastic-based mortar mixes (PMMs) by replacing cement with industrial waste materials was investigated using ML models such as support vector machine, AdaBoost regressor, and extreme gradient boosting. The significance of key mix parameters was further analyzed using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAPs) to interpret the influence of input variables on model predictions. To enhance the usability and real-world application of these ML models, a GUI was developed to provide an accessible platform for predicting the C.S of PMMs based on input material proportions. The ML models demonstrated strong correlations with experimental results, and the insights from SHAP analysis further support data-driven mix design strategies. The developed GUI serves as a practical and scalable decision support system, encouraging the adoption of ML-based approaches in sustainable construction engineering.
For particular applications, the design of systems composed of several superconducting coils needs good accuracy in calculations. Using analytical methods involving elliptic integrals, themselves calculated using the AGM method, all electromagnetic values can be evaluated with a good precision. An application to a superconducting toroidal core illustrates this study.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
This paper deals with a comparison between different structures of double-star induction motors (DSIMs), controlled by space vector PWM. The modelling of the DSIM is made using an arbitrary shift angle between the two three-phase windings. A new transformation matrix is proposed to develop a suitable dynamic model and to elaborate the space vector PWM control strategy for different values of this shift angle. Simulation results are presented and compared. The effects of the shift angle on the dynamic performances, and on the complexity of calculating the PWM control strategy, are pointed out.
To identify the parameters of asynchronous machines, many methods are used. Many of them need a derivative during the optimization process. Unfortunately, a derivative function amplifies any noise due to numerical calculation or to measurement. As a consequence the search of the vector of parameters becomes difficult. Three minimization methods without derivatives are presented and applied to the identification of the parameters of induction motors. They allow finding both electrical and mechanical parameters from the analysis of the starting stator current and the corresponding voltage. Firstly, each method is described. Secondly, for a given machine with known parameters, numerical simulations allow to test the methods in terms of computer consuming time, of convergence and uniqueness of solution. The last part is devoted to the applications of the methods in order to identify the parameters of two asynchronous machines.
Abstract This work presents a model of a three‐phase induction machine which includes the first space harmonics of the magnetomotive force. Special attention has been paid to the way of improving detection of broken rotor bars. This detection is based on the spectral analysis of the stator current. We show that it is essential to extend the analysis to the amplitudes of the side bands due to the space harmonics. This thorough method makes it possible to detect with a higher degree of accuracy the type and the importance of a defect in the rotor cage. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vector controlled induction machine drives are increasingly used in industrial drive systems, but the drive performance often degrades with the machine parameter variations. In this paper, a modified vector control system is proposed to achieve decoupling when saturation and iron losses are taking into account. The simulated and experimental results of the modified controller are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
The application of geotechnical centrifuge modeling to environmental problems seems promising. In this paper, one aspect of similitude laws concerning the flow of water through soils is investigated. Within the Network of European Centrifuges for Environmental Geotechnic Research, several tests have been carried out to study similitude laws describing the capillary ascension in porous media at different levels of acceleration. The aim of this paper is to present the results obtained at Ruhr-Universität Bochum. A fine sand is used in the experiment. For the visualization of capillary height in the soil sample, image processing is used. Different boundary conditions (constant or variable water level) have been investigated and discussed. All these experiments confirm that capillary rise appears scaled by the factor N and time seems to be scaled with N2. Thus, these results support the possibility of extending the use of accelerated small-scale models to the capillary phenomenon in centrifuge and open the way to more complex investigations of flow and pollutant transport in unsaturated soils.
<title>Abstract</title> Bridge abutment is the most critical civil engineering infrastructure directly exposed to floodwater. Previous research focused on the bridge abutment scouring under diverse flow conditions with different types of countermeasures. To date, no study has been conducted to observe energy reduction and flow dynamics around bridge abutment. Therefore, the current research investigates energy reduction and flow dynamics around bridge abutments with eco-friendly materials (brick waste (BW) and marble waste (MW)) under subcritical flow conditions. Experiments were performed in a controlled laboratory setting to investigate different parameters such as water surface profile, energy reduction, reduction of fluid force index (RFI%), moment index (RMI%), and delay in floodwater arrival time. These parameters were investigated under different conditions including without waste (WW) and with eco-friendly materials. The result demonstrates that energy reduction increases by increasing the Froude number (Fr) from 0.13 to 0.22. Energy reduction increases up to 5.95%, 6.5%, and 6.27% in the case of WW, MW, and BW respectively. The use of MW resulted in maximum energy reduction where the average energy reduction reached 4.38%. The highest RFI% of 8.86% and RMI% of 12.44% were recorded with the use of MW during the experiments. The findings also show that a significant reduction in floodwater arrival occurred in the case of MW up to 68% compared to without abutment case in the channel. These findings provide valuable insights into flow characteristics and energy dissipation around bridge abutments, contributing to sustainable and resilient hydraulic infrastructure design.
The analytical modeling of toric coils is considered. The mathematical relations involve elliptic integrals which are rapidly and easily calculated using the arithmetic geometric mean (AGM) method. Two applications are studied, numerical results are analyzed and compared, when possible, with those obtained directly. The analytical method presented provides all the characteristics (such as inductances, flux densities, forces, etc.) of toric coils with any section. Thanks to the AGM method, which is used for intermediate calculations, the final results are obtained rapidly with a very good precision.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
This paper presents an efficient tool for design analysis of a Synchronous Reluctance Motor (SynRM).The Winding Function Analysis (WFA) is used instead of the Finite Element Analysis (FEA).With WFA approach, parameters sensitivity analysis and the impact on the machine design can be evaluated very rapidly (under linear condition).The effect of rotor skewing, stator winding chording, pole arc and interpolar air-gap length on average torque and torque ripple is investigated.The results obtained by WFA are compared with those obtained by two-dimensional FEA.It is shown that the two methods give approximately the same results but require different computation time.
