Wind Turbine and Battery Storage Interoperability to Provide Black Start by Offshore Wind

[EN] The share of offshore wind power in power generation is growing faster than ever to meet the ambitious net-zero targets and boost sustainability. Thus, offshore wind farms (OWFs) may need to provide advanced grid services such as black start, until now provided by conventional power plants. To become new black-start sources, OWFs may use a self-start unit, in the form of a grid-forming converter and additional energy storage to enhance availability despite adverse wind conditions. Hence, this article presents the implementation of two different configurations which could carry out a black start by an OWF with an integrated battery energy storage system (BESS) and grid-forming control. Electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation results are performed and compared with additional sensitivity analysis to show the resilience of the proposed operation. Overall, the black-start capability of an OWF with the proposed configurations is validated.