Validity and reliability of the HeartQoL questionnaire in a large sample of stable coronary patients: The EUROASPIRE IV Study of the European Society of Cardiology

Overall, psychometric analyses of the HeartQoL instrument in a population of patients with stable coronary heart disease showed good reliability and validity both at the European as well as the country-specific level. However, further research should focus on the responsiveness of the HeartQoL, the possible ceiling effect of the emotional subscale, construct validity and the minimal clinically important difference.