Theoretical investigation of three dimensional p-n junctions for improvement of silicon solar cell efficiency

Silicon is one the most extensively used photovoltaic materials because of its relatively low cost and well established fabrication processes. Therefore, development of technologies that can improve the energy efficiency of silicon solar cells is important. In this report, a novel solar cell structure based on 3D (three-dimensional) macroporous silicon p-n junctions and the corresponding mathematical model are proposed. The structure and electrical performance of the silicon solar cell with the 3D p-n junction are analyzed. Significantly increased efficiency can be achieved due to the better carrier collection and light absorption. Our results reveal improved photocurrent and other characteristics, thereby demonstrating the validity of the improved solar cell structure.