The Effect of Multi-Stage Constant Current Charging on Lithium-ion Battery’s Performance

The multi-stage constant current (MSCC) charging strategy is intended to enhance the performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Therefore, this paper investigates the MSCC charging effect on LIB's performance parameters, including charging time, charged/discharged capacity, charging energy efficiency, and maximum/average temperature rise. A 2.6 Ah lithium-iron-phosphate (LFP)-based Li-ion battery is subjected to a five-stage MSCC charging at different current rates, with SOC-based transition. The impact of the MSCC charging method on the LIB performance parameters is evaluated against the traditional CCCV charging method. The experimental findings demonstrate that the MSCC technique can reduce the charging time by 13.3% while keeping similar charged/discharged capacity and charging energy efficiency as the CCCV method, with a 1.4% reduction in maximum temperature rise at a 3.5 C charging rate. The MSCC charging technique can be useful for fast-charging LIBs in EV applications and other applications that require high charging rates while maintaining safety.