The burden of disease in Italy, 1990-2023: a subnational analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.

health in Italy improved substantially over the past three decades, primarily due to declining premature mortality. However, the burden of disability increased, particularly among women, and important geographical and sex-specific inequalities persist. Strengthening prevention policies, addressing behavioural and metabolic risk factors and mental health, improving long-term care, and promoting healthy ageing are essential to reducing health disparities.