Text4Diet: A randomized controlled study using text messaging for weight loss behaviors

Objective Text-messaging shows promise as a health intervention. This randomized controlled trial evaluated a daily text-messaging weight loss intervention. Methods Overweight and obese adults (n=170) in California were randomized to receive daily interactive and personally weight-relevant text-messages or monthly e-newsletters. Participants were measured at baseline, 6 and 12months. Group differences were assessed in weight loss. Relation of text-messaging adherence to weight loss and change in pedometer steps was examined. Results There were no group differences in weight loss over 6 (1.53lb vs 3.72lb) or 12months (2.27lb vs 3.64lb; control vs intervention). Text-messaging adherence was moderately strong (60–69%). Participants with greater adherence lost more weight at 6 (p =.039) and 12months (p =.023) than those who were less adherent. Intervention participants' steps increased almost 3000steps/day over time (p <.05), and higher step counts were associated with greater weight loss (p <.05). Text-messaging satisfaction was moderate to high, and pedometer-related satisfaction was associated with greater weight loss (p <.05). Conclusions Although text-messaging had no effect on weight, adherence was associated with improvement in weight-related behaviors and weight outcomes. Text-messages could be a useful adjunct to weight loss treatments.