Targeting Global Environmental Challenges by the Means of Novel Multimodal Transport: Concept of Operations

Novel modes of transport form the basis of environmentally friendly and economically efficient transport system of the future. This paper introduces the feasibility study of a Dock to Dock (D2D) use case, combining aspects of route development and infrastructure definition, for the transport of goods in South West England and South Wales. The proposed system makes use of new, more flexible and environmentally friendly means of transport, such as electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing (eVTOL) aircraft and electric Autonomous ZeroEmission (eAZE) vessels. To meet the environmental targets set out for the transport sector, the use of alternative hydrogen- based fuels is investigated for air, surface and marine vehicles. Logistics, regulations and infrastructure required for the safe and efficient production and distribution of such low-emission energy vectors is also considered. Digital twin of the system is proposed to study its safety and viability, while the analysis of energy requirements is proposed to inform policy makers and define the necessary infrastructure to meet future emission-free transport energy needs.