Synthesis and cellular biocompatibility of two types of nanophase hydroxyapatite with different Ca/P molar ratio

The cellular biocompatibility of two types of nanophase hydroxyapatites (HA and CDHA) synthesized by a wet chemical method was assessed using primary cultured osteoblasts. Cytotoxicity of both materials was investigated with L929 cell line. The MTT method was used to evaluate the proliferation of osteoblasts on the third day. SEM was used to observe the morphology of the osteoblasts on the third day. Two types of hydroxyapatite showed no cytotoxicity according to the international standard. Higher cell proliferation was observed on the nanophase calcium-deficient apatite (CDHA) than nanophase HA. At the same time, cells spread more actively on the CDHA group. The ALP level of CDHA was also significantly higher on the former. Our results show that on the nanoscale CDHA is more suitable for osteoblasts growth than HA.