A statistical approach is taken toward the ray optics of optical media with complicated nonspherical and nonplanar surface shapes. As a general rule, the light in such a medium will tend to be randomized in direction and of 2n2(x) times greater intensity than the externally incident light, where n(x) is the local index of refraction. A specific method for doing optical calculations in statistical ray optics will be outlined. These optical enhancement effects can result in a new type of antireflection coating. In addition, these effects can improve the efficiency as well as reduce the cost of solar cells.
Xinwen Shu, Lei Yang, Haonan Yang, Fan Xu, Jin-Hong Chen, R. A. J. Eyles-Ferris, Lixin Dai, Yun-Wei Yu, Rong-Feng Shen, Luming Sun, Husheng Ding, WeiKang Zheng, Ning Jiang, Wenxiong Li, Ning-Chen Sun, D. Xu, Zhumao Zhang, Chichuan Jin, A. Rau, Tinggui Wang, Xue-Feng Wu, Weimin Yuan, Bing Zhang, K. Nandra, Alexei V Filippenko, F. Poidevin, Roberto Soria, Amit Kumar, David S. Aguado, Fangxia An, Tao An, Jie An, Moira Andrews, Rungrit Anutarawiramkul,
E. O. Ofek, D. B. Fox, S. B. Cenko, M. Sullivan, Orly Gnat, D. A. Frail, A. Horesh, A. Corsi, R. Quimby, N. Gehrels, S. R. Kulkarni, A. Gal‐Yam, P. Nugent, O. Yaron, Alexei V Filippenko, M. M. Kasliwal, Lars Bildsten, J. S. Bloom, D. Poznanski, I. Arcavi, Russ R. Laher, D. Levitan, Branimir Sesar, J. Surace
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