Stability Analysis of Grid-Following and Grid-Forming Converters Based on State-Space Modelling

This article conducts a comprehensive analysis and comparison of the control loops of the grid-following and grid-forming voltage source converters connected to the power grid. Eigenvalue trajectories are studied in order to obtain an accurate stability analysis. A time-domain simulation model of a 1.5 kW grid-connected converter is developed by using Matlab/Simulink to investigate the stability of the grid-following and grid-forming control under different short-circuit ratios. The stability boundaries of the grid-following control and the grid-forming control are explored and compared with theoretical analysis. The result reveals that the grid-following control is better suited for a stiff power grid, while the grid-forming control is more suitable for a weak power grid. Finally, an experimental prototype is established to verify the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis.