Soluble starch and composite starch Bioactive Glass 45S5 particles: Synthesis, bioactivity, and interaction with rat bone marrow cells

For many biomedical applications, biodegradable and simultaneously bioactive materials are desired. These materials should at the same time be able to support cell function and co-exist with the organism without triggering a relevant immune response. In this work, the synthesis as well as the bioactivity evaluation of newly developed polymer soluble potato starch and composite (with Bioactive Glass 45S5) micron-size particles are reported. An extremely interesting result is that although with different properties, both polymer and composite particles were able to form a calcium phosphate layer at their surface, which is a clear indication of their bioactivity. The cytotoxicity and the ability to support cell attachment and growth of the developed materials were also studied, and both polymer and composite materials were shown to be non-cytotoxic. Preliminary results show that both types of materials were found to allow rat bone marrow cells to attach and to proliferate on their surface and to express osteogenic markers, such as alkaline phosphatase and osteopontin. The obtained results indicate that the developed carriers might be used as substrates for cell culture in vitro, in order to form constructs that might be used as a part of a tissue engineering strategy.