Self-Powered Sensing for Smart Agriculture by Electromagnetic–Triboelectric Hybrid Generator

The lack of efficient, low-cost, distributed energy collection methods is a vital factor restricting the application of the Internet of Things (IoT) in smart agriculture. This paper proposes a method based on triboelectric nanogenerator and electromagnetic generator to realize self-powered IoT nodes and self-powered sensors at the same time. An energy harvesting and sensing device based on electromagnetic-triboelectric hybrid generator (ES-ETHG) is designed. The peak power of ES-ETHG is 32.4 mW, which can supply power to IoT nodes for a long time with power management circuits. In addition, ES-ETHG can critically measure wind speed and wind level within the range of 3-15 m/s, and accurately detect wind direction within 2 s. Furthermore, the self-powered distributed weather sensing system based on ES-ETHG is developed to realize the remote collection of wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and humidity. This work proposes a solution for developing self-powered IoT and sensor in the field of smart agriculture.