There is a growing interest in developing resilience-building programs in the work context.Yet the resilience literature provides no clear answer about what constitutes such a program.The aim of this article is to shed light on this question by presenting a set of criteria for resilience-building programs.We developed these criteria by systematically reviewing studies that synthesized the evidence about the definition, conceptualization, measurement, and enhancement of psychological resilience.A literature search in peer-review journals published between 2009 and 2018 using PsycINFO resulted in 286 hits.Twenty-one studies met our inclusion criteria.In addition, we consulted 3 handbooks on resilience.The result of our review is a checklist of 12 criteria for resilience-building programs to improve program consistency and quality.These criteria address the necessity to: specify which working population is in need of psychological resilience; cite which definition is being used; display and explain the process that people go through in order to adapt to adversity; describe how resilience will be measured and enhanced as a dynamic process, as well as say which type of positive adaptation-to which adversity, in which work context, and when-is involved; and make clear the starting point and purpose of the work.These criteria can be regarded as a valuable navigation tool in the complex field of resilience: Program developers can use them to optimize the content of resilience-building programs and to ensure that relevant information is reported; reviewers of resilience-building programs can use them to analyze, evaluate, and compare programs.Therefore, the checklist could become an indispensable tool for both researchers and practitioners to improve designing, describing, and reviewing resilience-building programs at work.
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