Porous Films from TiO[sub 2] (Anatase) with Bimodal Morphology

Mechanically stable (anatase) thin films were fabricated from a mixture of two kinds of particles: nano (ca. ) and submicrometer (ca. )-sized ones. These bimodal films were further modified by deposition of ultrasmall particles via treatment. Electrochemical insertion of lithium turned out to be a suitable method for characterization of the films' morphology. Different particle sizes can be detected by cyclic voltammetry, because the potential of the anodic (Li extraction) peak shifts regularly with the particle size.