A general continuum model has recently been proposed for the dynamics of ion intercalation in a single crystal of rechargeable-battery electrode materials [1]. When applied to strongly phase-separating, highly anisotropic materials such as LiFePO4, phase-transformation waves are predicted between the lithiated and unlithiated portions of a crystal. In this paper, we extend the analysis of the wave dynamics, and we describe a new mechanism for current capacity fade through the interactions of these waves with defects in the material.
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