This is a review of recent theoretical, numerical and experimental studies of natural and forced convection heat transfer from surfaces with intermittent (on & off) heat flux. Scale analyses predict that in each configuration there is an optimal heat pulse interval (or frequency) that optimizes the overall thermal conductance between the heater and the external fluid. This feature was verified and determined more accurately by complete numerical simulations and experiments with water in natural convection, and air in forced convection. In natural convection, the heater configurations optimized experimentally were the vertical cyclinder, which approximates the vertical plane wall, and the horizontal cylinder. In forced convection, the tested configuration was the single cylinder in crossflow.
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