Optimization of Alkaline Earth Metal Oxide and Hydroxide Catalysts for Base-Catalyzed Reactions

This review is a summary of the work done and potential opportunities for inexpensive and easily accessible base catalysts, such as alkaline earth metal oxides and hydroxides, as well as alkali metals and oxides supported on alkaline earth metal oxides. Preparation methods of these materials, as well as characterization of basic sites are reported. An extensive review of their catalytic applications for a variety of organic transformations including isomerization, carbon–carbon and carbon–oxygen bond formation, and hydrogen transfer reactions is presented.