Numerical investigation of magnetic nanofluid forced convective heat transfer in existence of variable magnetic field using two phase model

In this paper, the effect of non-uniform magnetic field on nanofluid forced convection heat transfer in a lid driven semi-annulus is studied. The effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis are taken into account. Control volume based finite element method is used to solve the governing equations in the form of stream function–vorticity formulation. The calculations were performed for different governing parameters namely; the Reynolds number, Lewis number, and Hartmann number. Results show that the Nusselt number has a direct relationship with the Reynolds number while it has a reverse relationship with the Hartmann number and Lewis number.