New Polymerizations Based on Green Monomer of Carbon Dioxide

二氧化碳(CO_2)是一种丰富、廉价、无毒以及可再生的一碳资源,也是一种可用于聚合的绿色单体.基于CO_2的聚合是近年来的研究热点之一.目前广泛报道的是CO_2和环氧单体的聚合反应,经过几十年的发展已经成功实现工业化生产.最近几年,一些CO_2参与的新型聚合反应被陆续报道,这些工作大都通过两种途径实现从CO_2到高分子材料的转变.第一个途径是先将CO_2转化为可以聚合的单体,例如:内酯、环状碳酸酯和2,5-二呋喃甲酸等,再利用开环或者逐步聚合将单体转化为聚合物;另一个途径是直接以CO_2为单体和其他类型单体共聚得到聚合物.这两种途径对于发展CO_2参与的新型聚合反应,拓展CO_2基聚合物种类都具有重要意义.本综述按照CO_2直接还是间接参与聚合反应分类总结了近年来在CO_2制备高分子材料方面的进展,并对未来发展方向进行了简单阐述. <br/> Carbon dioxide (CO_2) is an abundant,inexpensive,non-toxic and renewable C1 resource,and it is also a kind of green monomer.The polymerizations based on CO_2 have been one of the hot research topics.The copolymerization of CO_2 and epoxide monomers was widely studied in the past few years and has been industrialized.Some new polymerizations based on CO_2 have also been reported recently.There are two ways to produce polymeric materials from CO_2.One is converting CO_2 into monomers for further ring opening or step growth polymerizations,such as lactone,cyclic carbonates,furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid.Another is directly using CO_2 as a monomer for the copolymerization with other monomers to generate polymers.They are both significant for developing new polymerizations based on CO_2 and expanding CO_2-based polymeric materials.The advances in converting CO_2 into polymeric materials during the past few years are summarized in this review and the perspective in this area is discussed.