Miniature Bioprocess Array: A Platform for Quantitative Physiology and Bioprocess Optimization

Abstract : We have developed a high-throughput miniature bioprocess array for the cultivation of microorganisms in a controlled, reproducible environment. The miniature bioprocess array is based on an array of 150-microliters wells, each one of which incorporates MEMS for the closed-loop control of cell culture parameters such as temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen. The wells incorporate a suite of sensors, including interdigitated capacitors for cell density, thermopile temperature sensors, and oxygen sensors. Deep reactive-ion etched (DRIE) capacitive sensors enable new capabilities, such as the measurement of cell density in the bulk of the solution. Oxygen is generated by electrolysis, which also provides a means of mixing the solution in the well. Data acquisition, communication, and control will be implemented in foundry CMOS. A four-wire bus connects the electronic interface at each well to each other and to a battery, a clock serial input/output, and ground.