Marginality, Ethnicity, and Penality

Abstract This chapter seeks to broaden our view of criminalization by encompassing changing forms of urban dispossession and concurrent modalities of statecrafting, including penalization as a socially selective response to offending. It draws an analytic map of the research programme pursued across the author's three books Urban Outcasts (2008), Punishing the Poor (2009), and Deadly Symbiosis (2014). This trilogy disentangles the triangular nexus of class fragmentation, ethnic division, and statecrafting in the polarizing city at the century's turn to explain the political production, socio-spatial distribution, and punitive management of marginality through the wedding of disciplinary social policy and neutralizing criminal justice.