Integrating bones and biomes: bringing biological science education to elementary school communities through a tangible learning tool

ABSTRACT Biology education in U.S. elementary schools faces challenges, including declining science proficiency and disparities among minority students. Limited resources, outdated materials, and a shortage of qualified educators hinder efforts to deliver engaging and equitable biology instruction. To address these issues, Bones and Biomes was developed as a tool to provide an interactive, hands-on experience that introduces students to biological concepts through animal skull analysis and ecosystem modeling. The tool was implemented in two settings: second-grade classrooms at a STEM magnet school and a career fair at a public elementary school. Participants examined animal skulls, identified key features, and connected them to habitats and survival adaptations. Classroom content reached 87 students, and the career fair activity engaged approximately 60 individuals, including students and caregivers. Follow-up activities, such as “Creature Creation” and “Skull Sleuths,” encourage creative thinking and reinforce core concepts. The Bones and Biomes tool aided in developing scientific literacy, critical thinking, and collaboration while making biology accessible to diverse student populations. By using tangible learning tools and interactive methods, Bones and Biomes addresses resource gaps in underfunded schools and demonstrates a scalable approach to improving elementary science education.