Guest editorial: Reliability and resilience modelling, assessment, and enhancement of modern power systems with proliferation of grid‐edge resources

The electricity grid is constantly exposed and vulnerable to fast and slow-dynamic threats ranging from unpredictable faults and failures in system components, weather-driven natural disasters, malicious cybersecurity attacks, and other random disruptions. With the growing demand to ensure higher quality electricity to end customers and mission critical systems, there is an urgent need to enrich the power delivery infrastructure reliability and resilience against disruptive events. Reducing and mitigating such threatening risks call for fundamental advancements in the way how we model, evaluate, and enhance both reliability and resilience of the growingly digitalized power grid that nowadays is home to, and being continuously modernized, by a myriad of grid-edge resources. These include distributed energy resources (DERs), energy storage solutions, electric vehicles etc. Emerging requirements and new solutions for planning and operation of a reliable and resilient power grid of the future are therefore needed to best harness the available resources at the grid edge, capture the full potential in network interconnectedness, and consider the interdependency of the electricity grid with a number of lifeline networks (e.g. water networks, gas networks, transportation networks etc.). Future power grids should adequately feature structural and operational resilience, enabling swift and proactive strategies to safeguard the power grid when exposed to threatening risks and extreme emergencies. This Special Issue focuses on challenges and opportunities enabled by grid-edge resources for reliability and resilience analysis of modern power grids. The contributions we received centred on the reliability and resilience modelling, assessment, and enhancement of power systems with proliferation of grid-edge resources and power electronic interfaced technologies. In this Special Issue, we received 31 manuscripts, all of which underwent peer review. Of the 31 originally submitted papers, 14 have been accepted for publication. The overall submissions were of high quality, which marks the success of this Special Issue. The 14 eventually accepted papers can be clustered into three main categories: (1) those that focus on planning reliable and resilient energy systems of the future, (2) those that address challenges in operation, protection, and control of resilient and reliable power grids, and (3) those that highlight the enhancements in service restoration and the use of DERs for resilience benefits in power grids. The papers laying in the first category exhibit novelties in the formation of future power grids that are cleaner, greener, and structurally more resilient. The papers in this category are of Chen et al., Huang et al., and Xie et al. The second category of papers offers new techniques to analyze the reliability, resilience, and situational awareness in modern power grids that encompass faults, power electronics interfaces, DERs forecasting, cyber-attack detection, and industrial load control. These papers are of Ghasemi et al., Bin et al., Luo et al., Li et al., Azizi et al., Manso et al., Wang et al., and Chen et al. The last category of papers proposes new ways for hazard characterization, service restoration, and grid-support load response that enable enhanced operation resilience in modern power grids. These papers are of Afzal et al., Albeladi et al., and Rodriguez-Garcia et al. A brief presentation of each accepted paper in this Special Issue follows. The papers selected for publication in this Special Issue collectively highlight the continuous progress within the realm of reliability and resilience modelling, assessment, and improvement. Notably, this advancement is strongly propelled by the increasing integration of grid-edge resources, the rapid digitalization of the electric industry, and the emerging emphasis on factors that enhance customer experience and promote equity. It is becoming increasingly evident that the potential for multi-dimensional integration of learning and optimization tools in the planning, operation, and control of robust and resilient power grids of the future serves as a source of inspiration for new techniques in the years to come. Mahmud Fotuhi-Firuzabad (IEEE Fellow, 2014) Obtained B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in Electrical Engineering from Sharif University of Technology and Tehran University in 1986 and 1989, respectively and M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from the University of Saskatchewan, Canada, in 1993 and 1997, respectively. He is a professor of Electrical Engineering Department and president of Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. He is a member of center of excellence in power system control and management in the same department. His research interests include power system reliability, distributed renewable generation, demand response, and smart grids. His scientific activities include more than 600 papers, and supervising more than 100 masters and doctoral theses. He is the recipient of several national and international awards including World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) award for the outstanding inventor, 2003, and PMAPS International Society Merit Award for contributions of probabilistic methods applied to power Systems in 2016. Dr. Fotuhi-Firuzabad is a visiting professor at Aalto University, Finland. He served as the Editor-In-Chief of the IEEE Power Engineering Letters from 2017 to 2022. He also serves as the Associate Editor of Nature Scientific Report, Guest Associate Editor, Special Issue on 'Electric Vehicle Charging Impacts on Power Systems', IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, and Deputy Editor-in-Chief, 'Journal of Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems' (PCMP), Springer. He is a Fellow of IEEE for his contribution to the application of probabilistic techniques in power system reliability assessment. Frede Blaabjerg (IEEE Fellow, 2003) (S'86–M'88–SM'97–F'03) was with ABB-Scandia, Randers, Denmark, from 1987 to 1988. From 1988 to 1992, he got the Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering at Aalborg University in 1995. He became an Assistant Professor in 1992, an Associate Professor in 1996, and a Full Professor of power electronics and drives in 1998 at AAU Energy. From 2017 he became a Villum Investigator. He is honoris causa at University Politehnica Timisoara (UPT), Romania in 2017 and Tallinn Technical University (TTU), Estonia in 2018. His current research interests include power electronics and its applications such as in wind turbines, PV systems, reliability, Power-2-X, power quality, and adjustable speed drives. He has published more than 600 journal papers in the fields of power electronics and its applications. He is the co-author of eight monographs and editor of 14 books in power electronics and its applications, for example, the series (four volumes) Control of Power Electronic Converters and Systems published by Academic Press/Elsevier. He has received 38 IEEE Prize Paper Awards, the IEEE PELS Distinguished Service Award in 2009, the EPE-PEMC Council Award in 2010, the IEEE William E. Newell Power Electronics Award 2014, the Villum Kann Rasmussen Research Award 2014, the Global Energy Prize in 2019, and the 2020 IEEE Edison Medal. He was the Editor-in-Chief of the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS from 2006 to 2012. He has been Distinguished Lecturer for the IEEE Power Electronics Society from 2005 to 2007 and for the IEEE Industry Applications Society from 2010 to 2011 as well as 2017 to 2018. In 2019 to 2020 he served as a President of IEEE Power Electronics Society. He has been Vice-President of the Danish Academy of Technical Sciences. He is nominated in 2014 to 2021 by Thomson Reuters to be between the most 250 cited researchers in Engineering in the world. Armando Martins Leite da Silva (IEEE Fellow, 2000) was born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. He received the B.Sc. degree from the Pontifical Catholic Univ. of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio) in 1975, the M.Sc. degree from the Federal Univ. of Rio de Janeiro (COPPE-UFRJ) in 1977, and the Ph.D. degree from Univ. of Manchester (UMIST), UK, in 1980, all degrees in Electrical Engineering (EE). He worked at the EE Department, PUC-Rio, as a Professor until 1994. From 1990 to 1991, he was a Visiting Researcher at the Research Division of Ontario Hydro, Canada. From 2003 to 2004, he was a Visiting Researcher at the Power System Unit, INESC-TEC, Porto, Portugal. From 1994 to 2014, he was a Professor at the Institute of Electric Systems and Energy, Federal University of Itajubá (UNIFEI), Brazil. In 2014, he returned as Professor to the EE Department of PUC-Rio. Prof. Leite da Silva received the Sebastian Z. de Ferranti Premium Award from the Power Division of the IEE/IET, UK, in 1992. In 2010, he was recognized with the PMAPS Merit Award for his contributions to probabilistic methods. In 2011, he received the IEEE PES Technical Committee (PSACE) Prize Paper Award. In 2012, he was the recipient of the IEEE-PES Roy Billinton Power System Reliability Award. Prof. Leite da Silva has been involved in several projects with the industry in Brazil and abroad related to risk assessment in planning and operation of power systems. He is Life Fellow from IEEE. Lalit Goel is a Fellow of the IEEE and has received 20 teaching awards. He obtained his BTech Degree in Electrical Engineering from the National Institute of Technology Warangal, India in 1983, and M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from the University of Saskatchewan Canada, in 1988 and 1991 respectively. He joined the School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering at the Nanyang Technological University Singapore in 1991 where he is presently a Professor of Power Engineering, and Director of the Renaissance Engineering Programme. He previously served as Head of Power Engineering, Dean of Admissions & Financial Aid, Director of Undergraduate Education (Projects) in the President's Office, Director, Office of Global Education & Mobility, and Director, India Connect Office. He served on the IEEE PES governing board as the Asia-pacific representative from 2011 to 2016. He has served as Chairman for several power engineering conferences in Singapore. He was Editor for the International Journal of Electric Power Systems Research from 2002 until 2019. He has published 190 international journal and conference papers in power system reliability, cost/benefit assessment, power markets, and renewables. Payman Dehghanian (IEEE SM, 2020) received the B.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, in 2009, the M.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from the Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, in 2011, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA, in 2017. He joined the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA in 2018, where he is currently an Associate Professor. His research interests include power system reliability and resilience assessment, data-informed decision-making for maintenance and asset management in electrical systems, and smart electricity grid applications. Dr. Dehghanian is the recipient of the 2013 IEEE Iran Section Best M.Sc. Thesis Award in Electrical Engineering, 2014 and 2015 IEEE Region 5 Outstanding Professional Achievement Awards, the 2015 IEEE-HKN Outstanding Young Professional Award, the 2021 Early Career Award from the Washington Academy of Sciences, the 2022 George Washington University's Early Career Researcher Award, the 2022 IEEE IAS Electric Safety Committee's Young Professional Achievement Award, and the 2022 IEEE IAS Outstanding Young Member Service Award. Aydogan Ozdemir (IEEE SM, 2014) was born in Artvin, Turkey, in January 1957. He received the B.Sc., M.Sc., and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey, in 1980, 1982, and 1990. He is currently a Full Professor at Istanbul Technical University and manager of Fuat Kulunk High Voltage Laboratory, the biggest academic laboratory in that area in the world. His current research interests are electric power systems and high-voltage engineering, emphasizing asset management, reliability analysis, and intelligent method applications in power system modelling, simulation, analysis and control, smart grids, and building automation systems. He has published more than 180 technical papers, conducted several research projects, and organized national and international conferences on the aforementioned research interests. He is a Member of the National Chamber of Turkish Electrical Engineering and a Senior Member of IEEE PES. Jaeseok Choi (IEEE SM, 2005) received BS, MS, and PhD degrees from Korea University, Seoul, Korea, in 1981, 1984, and 1990, respectively. His research interest includes Power System Reliability Evaluation, Power System Planning, Outage Cost Assessment, Nodal Probabilistic Production Cost Simulation, Fuzzy Set Theory Application into Power Systems, Development of Flexible Method for Future Power Systems, Web-based Online Real-time Reliability-Integrated Information System considering Renewables, Energy Generation for Smart Grid, Reliability Analysis of Renewable Energy Resources and Distributed Generation, and Expansion Planning of Power Systems. In particular, his researches are focused on development and extension of model and methodology of reliability and economics evaluation of power systems considering renewable energy generation. Dr. Choi has accomplished significant academic achievements by publishing more than 100 academic journal papers (including 25 SCI/E journal papers) and 450 conference papers domestically and internationally. For influence of his academic publication, total citations, the H and i-10 indexes shown in Google Scholar is 2215, 21 and 54, respectively. Since 1991, Dr. Choi has been a faculty of Gyeongsang National University, where he is currently a full professor. He has been a postdoctoral fellow at University of Saskatchewan in Canada in 1996. He was also a visiting professor at Cornell University, USA from 2004 to 2006. He has been also an adjunct professor of Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, USA from 2007 to 2010. Dr. Choi has over 480 journal and conference papers and 7 technical books. He has been involved in 48 R&D projects. Dr. Choi is a Fellow of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers (KIEE) since 2018. He was Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology (JEET) of KIEE for 2012 to 2014. He was the president of KIEE PES in 2016. He was the president of KIEE in 2020 and has been a Member of the Board of KEPCO-E&C since 2019. He has been organizing the International Symposium on Green Energy Policy Innovation (ISGEPI), an international conference, which was held annually in Korea since 2012. We wish to express their gratitude to all contributors who submitted their scientific findings to this Special Issue and to the anonymous reviewers, whose expertise allowed the realization of this endeavor. We hold strong aspirations that this collective effort will make significant contributions to the ongoing advancements in power electronics and their seamless integration into electric power systems, ultimately enhancing performance, reliability, and resilience. Last, we express their appreciation to the journal's Editors-in-Chief and the Editorial Office for their assistance and support throughout this venture. No.