Guest editorial

Exploring the supply chain and organizational interfaces between performance measurement systems and modern digitization Introduction and background There is a substantially increasing amount of research on new information technologies and digitization in the context of Industry 4.0 and supply chain management.The integrated technology field in supply chain management, especially multi-stakeholder and interorganizational technology, has seen a large surge in the past decade.In previous decades, this interorganizational information and process technology was quite limited.For example, facsimile machines and electronic data interchange used to be the most commonpeer-to-peer technologies.Internally, inventory management, materials requirements planning and demand management software integrated to form enterprise requirements planning (ERP) systems.The evolution to more integrated and broader systems emerged even further with the Internet and cloud computing receiving greater attention over the years.Eventually, incorporating middle-ware to advance this integration and interorganizational advanced planning and work flow management systems saw growth separately and integratively.Recently, the advancements have incorporated the broader variety of emergent information and Industry 4.0 technologies that take advantage and integrate blockchain technology, artificial intelligence (AI), predictive analytics, mobile technology and the Internet of Ihings, cyber-physical systems and even quantum computing.The technological evolution and revolution continue.Realistically, we will not understand the revolutionary technological events faced until the future can thoughtfully look back over the generations.Speaking of revolutionary technological development, Ray Kurzweil (2001) famously stated in his law of accelerating returns that exponential technological change has and will continue to occur and that . . ."the technological progress in the twenty-first century will be equivalent to the level of the previous 200 centuries."That is, in the 21st century, we will be making 20,000 years of progress.Given that similar technological acceleration has occurred for a good part of the past 100 years, we need to be capable of managing in this dynamic technological and innovation environment in the future.Performance measurement will have to adjust.These emergent technologies' importance has substantial evidence through downloaded articles in blockchain technology, Industry 4.0, smart manufacturing and other digitization technologies in almost every journal supply chain, digitization and operations journals.We are also facing new emergent technology such as 5G and 6G, and quantum computing (Sarkis et al., 2021), which will also contribute to performance analysis, big data and supply chain management.Some of the most currently downloaded papers, based on personal experience and websites of various journals with this information (e.g. the International Journal of Production Research), show these topics formby farthe most downloaded articles and studies.In addition, performance measurement, organizational and supply chain are growing in importance as big data is central to the digitization revolution.Performance measurement, another major theme of this special issue, has an even longer history.Managing the performancefor example of agricultural outcomeswas critical even