forestat: An R package for computing forest carbon sequestration and potential productivity

• An new method for assessing forest carbon potential based on annual biomass growth. • Larix gmelinii and Populus forests have significant promotion space of carbon sink. • Northeastern Yellow Rivers' Picea asperata has greater growth potential. • R package: Forestat can evaluate the forest carbon sequestration potential of whole cycle. • Forestat can be used for forest suitability assessment and site quality assessment. 1. Forest ecosystem is a basic component of terrestrial ecosystem that mitigates the impact of climate change through absorbing significant amount of carbon dioxide. Forest is crucial in maintaining ecological equilibrium, reducing greenhouse gas emission, and preserving biodiversity. Thus, standardised and precise methodologies for measuring forest carbon sequestration and assessing its potential are of paramount importance in evaluating the impacts of climate change. 2. We presented the "forestat", an approach for assessing forest carbon sequestration and its potential based on annual growth of biomass, considering site class and forest age conditions, wrapped in an R package, which is applicable to all forest types. By using a comprehensive system of forest stand models, "forestat" contributes to a refined comprehension of relationships between forest biomass and carbon sequestration and offers an evaluation of the carbon sequestration potential in forest ecosystem, unifying the methods of carbon measurement and its potential estimation in both natural and plantation forests. 3. Based on the two applications, this study (a) introduces and demonstrates the methods in R package "forestat"; (b) uses the 6th, 7th, 8th, and 9th National Forest Inventory data to investigate carbon sequestration and potential productivity of degraded forests in China; and (c) conducts suitability analysis for tree species in the Yellow River Basin. 4. "forestat" provides a unified, efficient, and standardized analytical tool for forest carbon sequestration and its potential. This study also highlights the primary forest functionalities.