Fabrication of hybrid PVA-PVC/SnZnOx/SWCNTs nanocomposites as Sn²⁺ ionic probe for environmental safety

New hybrid nanocomposites (NCs) based poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), mixed SnZnOx nanocube and single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNTs) have been fabricated by solution dispersion method with the help of ultrasonic irradiation. A fixed amount of SnZnOx and different loading of SWCNTs nanoparticles (NP)s are added successfully during the fabrication process. The SnZnOx nanocubes are synthesized using the wet-chemical procedure. Here, results from XRD, FTIR, TEM, and FE-SEM techniques are examined to provide the fundamental information necessary to fabricate PVA-PVC and their NCs. Morphology findings of SnZnOx and SWCNTs incorporated in the PVA-PCV matrix prove the appearance of nanoparticle in the films. Additionally, thermal and electrochemical behavior of the fabricated NCs have been studied by thermogravimetric technique and electrochemical measurements, respectively. An effectual electrochemical sensor using PVA-PVC/SnZnOx/SWCNTs(3)/binder/GCE assembly selective to Sn2+ ion is fabricated with conductive nafion (5%). The PVA-PVC/SnZnOx/SWCNTs(3) NCs give a good detection of Sn2+ ion and it shows a linear response over the large linear dynamic range (LDR) concentration of 0.1 nM ~ 0.01 mM . The linear relationship slope of (current vs. concentration) is examined to calculate the sensitivity (42.11 µAµM−1cm−2) and detection limit (44.36 ± 2.22 pM) of proposed Sn2+ ionic sensor probe. It has been significantly detected the selective Sn2+ ion from environmental real samples. The insights stated in this manuscript provide a clear understanding of the variable keys involved in the improvement of heavy metal ionic sensor for the application of safety environment in broad scale.