Energy-efficient mobile node localization using CVA technology and SAI algorithm

In the evolving landscape of the Internet of Things (IoT), Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks (MWSN) play a pivotal role, particularly in dynamic environments requiring mobile sensing capabilities. A primary challenge in MWSNs is achieving accurate node positioning with minimal energy consumption, as these networks often consist of battery-powered, mobile sensors where energy replenishment is difficult. This paper addresses the critical problem of energy-efficient node localization in MWSNs. We propose a novel positioning approach leveraging Cooperative Virtual Array (CVA) technology, which strategically utilizes the mobility of nodes to enhance positioning accuracy while conservatively using energy resources. The methodology revolves around optimizing the number of transceiver nodes, considering factors such as node moving speed, total energy consumption, and positioning errors. Central to our approach is the Signal Arrival and Interaction (SAI) algorithm, an innovative technique devised for efficient and precise mobile node localization, replacing traditional Time of Arrival (ToA) methods. Our simulations, conducted under various scenarios, demonstrate the significant advantages of the CVA-based positioning algorithm. Results show a marked reduction in energy consumption and robust performance in mobile node scenarios. Key findings include substantial improvements in localization accuracy and energy efficiency, highlighting the potential of our approach in enhancing the operational sustainability of MWSNs. The implications of this research are far-reaching for IoT applications, particularly those involving mobile sensors, such as in smart cities, industrial monitoring, and disaster management. By introducing a novel, energy-efficient positioning method, our work contributes to the advancement of MWSN technology, offering a sustainable solution to the challenge of mobile node localization.