Double-stranded RNA of intestinal commensal bacteria triggers production of protective IFN-�

Event Abstract Back to Event Double-stranded RNA of intestinal commensal bacteria triggers production of protective IFN-β Tadaomi Kawashima1, 2, Huimin Yan1, 3, Zijin Guo4, Joaquim Carreras1, 5, Ryosuke Uchiyama6, Ryutaro Fukui7, Tsuneyasu Kaisho8, Shizuo Akira8, Kensuke Miyake7, Hiroko Tsutsui6, Takashi Saito4 and Noriko M. Tsuji1* 1 National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Biomedical Research Institute, Japan 2 Kikkoman Corporation, Japan 3 The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, China 4 RIKEN, Japan 5 Tokai University, Japan 6 Hyogo College of Medicine, Japan 7 The University of Tokyo, The Institute of Medical Science, Japan 8 Osaka University, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Japan The small intestine harbors a substantial number of commensal bacteria and is sporadically invaded by pathogens, but the response to these microorganisms is fundamentally different. We identified a discriminatory sensor using Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3). Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) of one major commensal species, lactic acid bacteria (LAB), triggered IFN-β production from dendritic cells (DCs) and protected mice from experimental colitis. Endosomal TLRs are required for this protective mechanism, because Tlr3-/- as well as Unc93b13d mice, in which endosomal TLR3, 7, and 9 are dysfunctional, were not affected by oral administration of LAB in colitis model. While digestion of dsRNA canceled in vivo effects, suggesting TLR3 initiates the anti-inflammatory process, we also found that cooperation of TLR3 and TLR9 maximized IFN-β production in vitro. Compared to LAB, pathogenic bacteria contained less dsRNA and induced much less IFN-β. Moreover, dsRNA was not involved in pathogen-induced IFN-β induction. These results identify TLR3 as a sensor to small intestinal commensal bacteria and contribute to the maintenance of immunological homeostasis. Collaborators: Daisuke Kaneko, Ikuko Nishimura Keywords: TLR3, endosome, small intestine, anti-inflammation, Colitis, Lactic acid bacteria, IFN-beta, double-stranded RNA Conference: 15th International Congress of Immunology (ICI), Milan, Italy, 22 Aug - 27 Aug, 2013. Presentation Type: Abstract Topic: Host-pathogen interactions Citation: Kawashima T, Yan H, Guo Z, Carreras J, Uchiyama R, Fukui R, Kaisho T, Akira S, Miyake K, Tsutsui H, Saito T and Tsuji NM (2013). Double-stranded RNA of intestinal commensal bacteria triggers production of protective IFN-β. Front. Immunol. Conference Abstract: 15th International Congress of Immunology (ICI). doi: 10.3389/conf.fimmu.2013.02.01140 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 20 Aug 2013; Published Online: 22 Aug 2013. * Correspondence: Dr. Noriko M Tsuji, National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Biomedical Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0046, Japan, tsuji.noriko@nihon-u.ac.jp Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Tadaomi Kawashima Huimin Yan Zijin Guo Joaquim Carreras Ryosuke Uchiyama Ryutaro Fukui Tsuneyasu Kaisho Shizuo Akira Kensuke Miyake Hiroko Tsutsui Takashi Saito Noriko M Tsuji Google Tadaomi Kawashima Huimin Yan Zijin Guo Joaquim Carreras Ryosuke Uchiyama Ryutaro Fukui Tsuneyasu Kaisho Shizuo Akira Kensuke Miyake Hiroko Tsutsui Takashi Saito Noriko M Tsuji Google Scholar Tadaomi Kawashima Huimin Yan Zijin Guo Joaquim Carreras Ryosuke Uchiyama Ryutaro Fukui Tsuneyasu Kaisho Shizuo Akira Kensuke Miyake Hiroko Tsutsui Takashi Saito Noriko M Tsuji PubMed Tadaomi Kawashima Huimin Yan Zijin Guo Joaquim Carreras Ryosuke Uchiyama Ryutaro Fukui Tsuneyasu Kaisho Shizuo Akira Kensuke Miyake Hiroko Tsutsui Takashi Saito Noriko M Tsuji Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.