Abstract The dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) transmission are influenced by a variety of factors, including social restrictions and the emergence of distinct variants. In this study, we delve into the origins and dissemination of the Alpha, Delta, and Omicron‐BA.1 variants of concern in Galicia, northwest Spain. For this, we leveraged genomic data collected by the EPICOVIGAL Consortium and from the GISAID database, along with mobility information from other Spanish regions and foreign countries. Our analysis indicates that initial introductions during the Alpha phase were predominantly from other Spanish regions and France. However, as the pandemic progressed, introductions from Portugal and the United States became increasingly significant. The number of detected introductions varied from 96 and 101 for Alpha and Delta to 39 for Omicron‐BA.1. Most of these introductions left a low number of descendants (<10), suggesting a limited impact on the evolution of the pandemic in Galicia. Notably, Galicia's major coastal cities emerged as critical hubs for viral transmission, highlighting their role in sustaining and spreading the virus. This research emphasizes the critical role of regional connectivity in the spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 and offers essential insights for enhancing public health strategies and surveillance measures.
Pilar Gallego‐García, Nuria Estévez‐Gómez, Loretta De Chiara, Pilar Alvariño, Pedro Miguel Juiz-González, Isabel Torres‐Beceiro, Margarita Poza, Juán A. Vallejo, Soraya Rumbo‐Feal, Kelly Conde‐Pérez, Pablo Aja‐Macaya, Susana Ladra, Antonio Moreno‐Flores, María José Gude-González, Amparo Coira, Antonio Aguilera, José Javier Costa-Alcalde, Rocío Trastoy, Gema Barbeito‐Castiñeiras, Daniel García‐Souto, José M. C. Tubío, Matilde Trigo, Pablo Camacho‐Zamora, Juan García Costa, María González‐Domínguez, Luis Canoura‐Fernández, Daniel Glez‐Peña, Sonia Pérez‐Castro, Jorge Julio Cabrera, Carlos Daviña‐Núñez, Montserrat Godoy‐Diz, Ana Treinta-Álvarez, María Isabel Veiga, João Carlos Sousa, Nuno S. Osório, Iñaki Comas, Fernando Gónzález‐Candelas, Samuel L. Hong, Nena Bollen, Simon Dellicour, Guy Baele, Marc A. Suchard, Philippe Lemey, A Agulla, Germán Bou, Marı́a Pilar Alonso, María Luisa Pérez‐del‐Molino, Marta García‐Campello, Isabel Paz‐Vidal, Benito Regueiro, David Posada
Christian Setz, Maximilian Große, Maria Fröba, Janina Auth, Pia Rauch, Alexandra Herrmann, Arne Cordsmeier, Armin Ensser, Michael Schindler, Martina Morokutti-Kurz, Philipp Graf, Benedikt Engel, Eva Prieschl‐Grassauer, Andreas Grassauer, Ulrich Sigmar Schubert
Noelia Trigo‐Tasende, Juán A. Vallejo, Soraya Rumbo‐Feal, Kelly Conde‐Pérez, Manuel Vaamonde, Ángel López‐Oriona, Inés Barbeito, Mohammed Nasser‐Ali, Rubén Reif, Bruno K. Rodiño‐Janeiro, E Fernández-Álvarez, Iago Iglesias‐Corrás, Borja Freire, Javier Tarrío‐Saavedra, Laura Tomás, Pilar Gallego‐García, David Posada, Germán Bou, Ignacio López‐de‐Ullibarri, Ricardo Cao, Susana Ladra, Margarita Poza
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