Customized NOMA and Sector Model for Battery Efficient Beyond 5G Green Networks

Recent developments in technologies like the internet of Things (ioT) and massive machine-type communications (mMTC), the number of wireless communication devices, the demand for spectrum resources, the power consumed in transmission, processing, and reception will proliferate. Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and cooperative schemes are attracting researchers across the globe to use NOMA to solve the problem of spectrum scarcity by serving multiple users simultaneously, whereas cooperative schemes can help in reducing transmission power consumption by employing relay nodes in between. Therefore, to condense the system's power consumption, this article integrates NOMA and cooperative technology. This article proposes two schemes: a battery efficient cooperative NOMA scheme and a customized sector model. The introduced battery efficient cooperative NOMA takes advantage of relay and device-to-device (D2D) cooperation for introducing different modes of operation in the NOMA scheme, aiming to reduce the battery power consumption at the transmitter and the receiver side, whereas the customized sector model intends to optimize the energy of the system through efficient deployment of the NOMA cell-sector model. Finally, the discussion of various challenges and future opportunities for unveiling the NOMA technique is presented.