Coordinated Control and Engineering Application of Grid-Forming Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Energy Storage for Power Grids with High Renewable Penetration

Grid-forming energy storage systems based on vanadium redox flow batteries represent an ideal choice for building long-duration energy storage that possesses voltage support characteristics throughout the entire process. Based on the characteristics of the vanadium redox flow battery, this paper proposes an AC-side solution that offers flexible adaptability. It provides a detailed analysis of the coordinated control for optimal operation between the vanadium redox flow battery unit itself and the power converters, as well as the multi-timescale coordinated control strategies between the grid-forming energy storage system and the power grid. These analyses and strategies have been validated and applied at the 250MW/1GWh energy storage power station in Wushi County, Aksu, Xinjiang.